Óxidos de Metales de Transición como catalizadores para la oxidación total de Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles (COVs) en fase gaseosa

dc.contributorCarriazo Baños, José Gegorio
dc.contributorLaboratorio de Diseño y Reactividad de Estructuras Sólidas (Lab-DRES)
dc.creatorGarcía Caro, William
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-22T14:36:54Z
dc.date.available2020-07-22T14:36:54Z
dc.date.created2020-07-22T14:36:54Z
dc.date.issued2019-11-30
dc.identifierGarcía Caro, W. (2019). Óxidos de Metales de Transición como catalizadores para la oxidación total de Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles (COVs) en fase gaseosa [Trabajo de grado, maestría en ciencias - química]. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77819
dc.description.abstractEn general los óxidos de metales de transición (OMT) se posicionan como materiales con actividad catalítica apreciable en la oxidación total de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs), con altos porcentajes de conversión y selectividad, gracias a sus propiedades oxido-reductoras, de superficie y texturales. Esto se debe, principalmente, a su gran variedad de estructuras, presencia de vacantes y su capacidad de movilidad de oxígeno en la superficie o estructura, todo ello acompañado de alta resistencia térmica y la facilidad de re-oxidación de los cationes metálicos. Estas propiedades están estrechamente relacionadas con los métodos de síntesis y el control estricto de las variables fisicoquímicas en cada uno de ellos, como la presión, la concentración, la temperatura y el pH entre otras. Por otra parte, ciertos fenómenos dependientes de interacciones químicas, como efectos sinérgicos y cooperativos, contribuyen a que algunas especies mixtas de óxidos metálicos mejoren su eficiencia catalítica y logren oxidar una amplia gama de COVs de diferente naturaleza química a temperaturas cada vez más bajas. En el presente trabajo se realizó una revisión profunda de los OMT y su actividad catalítica en la eliminación oxidativa de COVs, buscando correlacionar los parámetros de estructura, textura y función de dichos materiales. Adicionalmente, se estudiaron los mecanismos de reacción involucrados, concluyendo que el mecanismo de reacción Mars – Van Krevelen es el más apropiado y proporciona una comprensión mucho más amplia acerca de cómo transcurre dicho fenómeno.
dc.description.abstractIn general, transition metal oxides (TMOs) are considered as materials with substantial catalytic activity for the complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with high percentages of conversion and selectivity, due to their redox, surface, and textural properties. This is mainly explained by the transition metal oxides properties, such as their great variety of structures, the presence of vacancies and their ability to move oxygen on the surface or structure, combined with their high thermal resistance and their easiness to develop metal cation reoxidation. These properties are closely related to the methods of synthesis and rigorous control of physicochemical variables involved in the process, such as pressure, concentration, temperature, and pH, among others. Moreover, certain phenomena that depend on chemical interactions, such as synergy and cooperation effects, contribute to the improvement of the catalytic efficiency of some types of metal oxides, allowing them to oxidize a broad range of VOCs of different chemical nature, at increasingly lower temperatures. In this work, a thorough review about TMOs and their catalytic activity in the oxidative elimination of VOCs was carried out, attempting to correlate the parameters of structure, texture, and function of these materials. Furthermore, the involved reaction mechanisms were analyzed, concluding that the Mars-Van Krevelen mechanism is the most suitable and provides a much broader understanding of how this phenomenon occurs.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Química
dc.publisherDepartamento de Química
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
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dc.titleÓxidos de Metales de Transición como catalizadores para la oxidación total de Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles (COVs) en fase gaseosa
dc.typeOtro


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