dc.contributor | Varón Durán, Gloria Margarita | |
dc.contributor | Rissons, Angélique | |
dc.contributor | Destic, Fabien | |
dc.contributor | Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace ISAE-SUPAERO | |
dc.contributor | Grupo de Investigación en Electrónica de Alta Frecuencia y Telecomunicaciones (CMUN) | |
dc.creator | Muñoz Arcos, Christian Daniel | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-07-15T15:01:18Z | |
dc.date.available | 2020-07-15T15:01:18Z | |
dc.date.created | 2020-07-15T15:01:18Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2020-06-26 | |
dc.identifier | C.D. Munoz, Optical Microwave Signal Generation for Data Transmission in Optical Networks. PhD thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia and Institut Superieur de l’Aeronautique et de l’Espace ISAE-SUPAERO, 2020. | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77771 | |
dc.description.abstract | The massive growth of telecommunication services and the increasing global data traffic boost the development, implementation, and integration of different networks for data transmission. An example of this development is the optical fiber networks, responsible today for the inter-continental connection through long-distance links and high transfer rates. The optical networks, as well as the networks supported by other transmission media, use electrical signals at specific frequencies for the synchronization of the network elements. The quality of these signals is usually determined in terms of phase noise. Due to the major impact of the phase noise over the system performance, its value should be minimized.
The research work presented in this document describes the design and implementation of an optoelectronic system for the microwave signal generation using a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and its integration into an optical data transmission system. Considering that the proposed system incorporates a directly modulated VCSEL, a theoretical and experimental characterization was developed based on the laser rate equations, dynamic and static measurements, and an equivalent electrical model of the active region. This procedure made possible the extraction of some VCSEL intrinsic parameters, as well as the validation and simulation of the VCSEL performance under specific modulation conditions. The VCSEL emits in C-band, this wavelength was selected because it is used in long-haul links.
The proposed system is a self-initiated oscillation system caused by internal noise sources, which includes a VCSEL modulated in large signal to generate optical pulses (gain switching). The optical pulses, and the optical frequency comb associated, generate in electrical domain simultaneously a fundamental frequency (determined by a band-pass filter) and several harmonics. The phase noise measured at 10 kHz from the carrier at 1.25 GHz was -127.8 dBc/Hz, and it is the lowest value reported in the literature for this frequency and architecture. Both the jitter and optical pulse width were determined when different resonant cavities and polarization currents were employed. The lowest pulse duration was 85 ps and was achieved when the fundamental frequency was 2.5 GHz. As for the optical frequency comb, it was demonstrated that its flatness depends on the electrical modulation conditions. The flattest profiles are obtained when the fundamental frequency is higher than the VCSEL relaxation frequency.
Both the electrical and the optical output of the system were integrated into an optical transmitter. The electrical signal provides the synchronization of the data generating equipment, whereas the optical pulses are employed as an optical carrier. Data transmissions at 155.52 Mb/s, 622.08 Mb/s and 1.25 Gb/s were experimentally validated. It was demonstrated that the fundamental frequency and harmonics could be extracted from the optical data signal transmitted by a band-pass filter. It was also experimentally proved that the pulsed return-to-zero (RZ) transmitter at 1.25 Gb/s, achieves bit error rates (BER) lower than $10^{-9}$ when the optical power at the receiver is higher than -33 dBm. | |
dc.description.abstract | La masificación de los servicios de telecomunicaciones y el creciente tráfico global de datos han impulsado el desarrollo, despliegue e integración de diferentes redes para la transmisión de datos. Un ejemplo de este despliegue son las redes de fibra óptica, responsables en la actualidad de la interconexión de los continentes a través de enlaces de grandes longitudes y altas tasas de transferencia. Las redes ópticas, al igual que las redes soportadas por otros medios de transmisión, utilizan señales eléctricas a frecuencias específicas para la sincronización de los elementos de red. La calidad de estas señales es determinante en el desempeño general del sistema, razón por la que su ruido de fase debe ser lo más pequeño posible.
El trabajo de investigación presentado en este documento describe el diseño e implementación de un sistema optoelectrónico para la generación de señales microondas utilizando diodos láser de cavidad vertical (VCSEL) y su integración en un sistema de transmisión de datos óptico. Teniendo en cuenta que el sistema propuesto incorpora un láser VCSEL modulado directamente, se desarrolló una caracterización teórico-experimental basada en las ecuaciones de evolución del láser, mediciones dinámicas y estáticas, y un modelo eléctrico equivalente de la región activa. Este procedimiento posibilitó la extracción de algunos parámetros intrínsecos del VCSEL, al igual que la validación y simulación de su desempeño bajo diferentes condiciones de modulación. El VCSEL utilizado emite en banda C y fue seleccionado considerando que esta banda es comúnmente utilizada en enlaces de largo alcance.
El sistema propuesto consiste en un lazo cerrado que inicia la oscilación gracias a las fuentes de ruido de los componentes y modula el VCSEL en gran señal para generar pulsos ópticos (conmutación de ganancia). Estos pulsos ópticos, que en el dominio de la frecuencia corresponden a un peine de frecuencia óptico, son detectados para generar simultáneamente una frecuencia fundamental (determinada por un filtro pasa banda) y varios armónicos. El ruido de fase medido a 10 kHz de la portadora a 1.25 GHz fue -127.8 dBc/Hz, y es el valor más bajo reportado en la literatura para esta frecuencia y arquitectura. Tanto la fluctuación de fase (jitter) y el ancho de los pulsos ópticos fueron determinados cuando diferentes cavidades resonantes y corrientes de polarización fueron empleadas. La duración de pulso más baja fue 85 ps y se obtuvo cuando la frecuencia fundamental del sistema era 2.5 GHz. En cuanto al peine de frecuencia óptico, se demostró que su planitud (flatness) depende de las condiciones eléctricas de modulación y que los perfiles más planos se obtienen cuando la frecuencia fundamental es superior a la frecuencia de relajación del VCSEL.
Tanto la salida eléctrica como la salida óptica del sistema fueron integradas en un transmisor óptico. La señal eléctrica permite la sincronización de los equipos encargados de generar los datos, mientras que los pulsos ópticos son utilizados como portadora óptica. La transmisión de datos a 155.52 Mb/s, 622.08 Mb/s y 1.25 Gb/s fue validada experimentalmente. Se demostró que la frecuencia fundamental y los armónicos pueden ser extraídos de la señal óptica de datos transmitida mediante un filtro pasa banda. También se comprobó experimentalmente que el transmisor de datos pulsados con retorno a cero (RZ) a 1.25 Gb/s, logra tasas de error de bit (BER) menores a 10-9 cuando la potencia óptica en el receptor es mayor a -33 dBm. | |
dc.language | eng | |
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dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | |
dc.rights | Acceso abierto | |
dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
dc.rights | Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.title | Optical Microwave Signal Generation for Data Transmission in Optical Networks | |
dc.type | Otro | |