dc.contributorReyes Montaño, Edgar Antonio
dc.contributorSoto Del Cerro, David
dc.contributorGrupo de Investigación en Proteinas - GRIP
dc.creatorVargas Alejo, Nury Esperanza
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-07T17:11:13Z
dc.date.available2021-04-07T17:11:13Z
dc.date.created2021-04-07T17:11:13Z
dc.date.issued2020-09-05
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79382
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional UN
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractLos receptores activados por el aminoácido glutamato de tipo N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDARs) son canales iónicos a través de los cuales fluyen iones calcio (Ca2+) hacia la neurona postsináptica, además de permear iones sodio (Na+) y potasio (K+) a su través. Los NMDARs juegan un papel importante en la plasticidad sináptica, permitiendo la inducción de la potenciación a largo plazo (LTP) y la depresión a largo plazo (LTD), las cuales suponen la base celular de la memoria y el aprendizaje (1). El NMDAR es un complejo proteico formado por cuatro subunidades que conforman un tetrámero (GluN1, GluN2 y GluN3), las cuales están fuertemente reguladas en la apertura y cierre del canal. Se ha demostrado que las subunidades proteícas que componen al NMDAR presentan diferentes combinaciones otorgándole propiedades estructurales y biofísicas específicas, lo anterior, ha permitido estudiarlo como una familia de receptores tipo N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDARs) (2). En este trabajo se han sintetizado y evaluado el efecto neuroprotector in-vitro de dos péptidos diseñados a partir de la secuencia de la Conantoquina-G (Con-G) denominados EAR-17 y EAR-19. En el diseño metodológico, la primera parte fue la síntesis en fase sólida de los péptidos, luego estos fueron caracterizados, purificados y finalmente, se realizó la determinación de la estructura secundaria. La caracterización electrofisiológica de los péptidos fue realizada en células tsA 201 (HEK293T) transfectadas dónde se determinó IC50 de los compuestos. La modulación de las corrientes excitatorias postsinápticas (EPSCs) producida por los péptidos fue testada en cultivos primarios de neuronas hipocampales de ratón. El efecto de neuroprotección de los péptidos se determinó mediante un modelo de deprivación de óxigeno-glucosa (OGD). El resultado del proceso de síntesis y purificación fue óptimo, obteniendo los péptidos puros. En la evaluación electrofisiológica se confirmó el efecto antagonista de los péptidos EAR-17 y EAR-19 sobre las corrientes mediadas por los NMDARs. En los registros de EPSCs, los péptidos disminuyeron las corrientes postsinápticas en neuronas hipocampales, sin recuperar la magnitud de corriente inicial de los EPSCs aunque su frecuencia no se vió alterada. Se determinó la neuroprotección mediada por los péptidos EAR-17 y EAR-19, en el modelo de OGD en neuronas hipocampales, el cual activa la vía de muerte celular por caspasas como consecuencia de la entrada irregular de calcio mediada por los NMDARs. Se observaron cambios significativos cuando la OGD se realizó en presencia y ausencia de los péptidos. Así pues, en este estudio, hemos identificado dos péptidos (denominados EAR-17 y EAR-19) que actúan como antagonistas específicos de la subunidad GluN2B del NMDAR y, por lo tanto, disminuyendo la permeabilidad al ion calcio e induciendo un efecto de neuroprotección. Sugerimos continuar la evaluación de EAR-17 y EAR-19 con otros enfoques in vitro e in vivo.
dc.description.abstractN-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that upon activation by the neurotransmitter glutamate allow calcium ions (Ca2+) flow into the post-synaptic neuron, in addition to permeate sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions through its pore. NMDARs play an important role in synaptic plasticity, enabling long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) induction, which are the cellular basis for learning and memory (1). NMDARs are protein complexes formed by four subunits specifically arrange and that are finely regulated for the opening and closing of the channel. The subunits that conform it have been shown to have structural variations in their conformation, allowing to study it as a family of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDARs) (2) type receptors. In this work, we have synthesized and evaluated the in-vitro neuroprotective effect of two peptides designed from the sequence of Conantokin-G (Con-G), namely EAR-17 and EAR-19. In the methodological design we have synthesize the solid phase of the peptides, then we are characterized, purified them and determine their secondary structure. Electrophysiological characterization of peptides was performed on transfected tsA201 cells (HEK293T) where IC50 of the compounds was determined. The modulation of post-synaptic excitatory currents (EPSCs) produced by peptides was tested in primary hippocampal neuronal cultures from mouse. The neuroprotection effect of the blocking peptides was determined by oxigen-glucose deprivation protocol (OGD). The result of the synthesis and purification process was optimal, obtaining peptides with high purity. Electrophysiological evaluation confirmed the antagonic effect of EAR-17 and EAR-19 on currents evoked by NMDARs. In EPSC recordings, the peptides decreased EPSCs in hippocampal neurons, without recovering the initial current amplitude of the currents. EPSCs frequency was not altered by the peptides. Neuroprotection mediated by EAR-17 and EAR-19 was determined in hippocampal neurons with the OGD model, which activates the cell death pathway by caspases as a result of irregular calcium entry mediated by NMDARs. Significant changes were observed when OGD was performed in the presence or absence of peptides. Therefore, in this study, we have identified two peptides (namely EAR-17 and EAR-19) that act as specific antagonists of GluN2B subunit of the NMDARs and thus decreasing calcium ion permeability and inducing a neuroprotective effect. We suggest to continue with the evaluation of EAR-17 and EAR-19 by means of other in vitro and in vivo approaches.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias - Bioquímica
dc.publisherDepartamento de Química
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisherBogotá
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleEvaluación in-vitro de péptidos sintéticos diseñados a partir de la Conantoquina G (Con-G) con interacción sobre la subunidad GluN2B del receptor de Glutamato tipo N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDAr) y su posible efecto sobre las vías de señalización involucradas en procesos de excitotoxicidad por calcio
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado


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