Asociación de las alteraciones en la metacognición con la presentación de las ideas delirantes en diferentes trastornos psiquiátricos

dc.contributorSantamaría García, Hernando
dc.creatorRamírez Ortiz, Jairo Alejandro
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-25T14:38:27Z
dc.date.available2021-01-25T14:38:27Z
dc.date.created2021-01-25T14:38:27Z
dc.date.issued2020-10-22
dc.identifierRamírez, J. (2020). Asociación de las alteraciones en la metacognición con la presentación de las ideas delirantes en diferentes trastornos psiquiátricos [Tesis de especialidad, Universidad Nacional de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional.
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78897
dc.description.abstractUno de los síntomas cardinales en los trastornos psicóticos es la presencia de la ideación delirante, la cual se caracteriza principalmente por dos grandes aspectos, la resistencia al cambio pese encontrarse a la luz de las pruebas en contra, es decir una falta de garantía; y el otro rasgo, aún más característico, es la convicción o la evidencia para sí mismo de quien presenta delirios. El último aspecto expuesto cobra importancia desde la perspectiva actual de los estudio de las alteraciones en los procesos cognitivos de los pacientes con trastornos psiquiátricos, de interés particular los estudios sobre la Metacognición dado que esta función se encuentra implicada en la comprensión de los propios estados mentales y de los otros individuos, como la capacidad de ver el mundo visto desde múltiples perspectivas y así mismo la capacidad de utilizar el conocimiento para abordar las cuestiones sociales y dilemas psicológicos. Aunque, hasta el día de hoy son pocos los estudios, se ha establecido que la metacognición se encuentra alterada principalmente en pacientes con esquizofrenia tanto que se ha postulado estos hallazgos como posibles "síntomas nucleares” dentro de la psicopatología. Sin embargo, es de resaltar que dicha relación se ha explorado a manera de consecuencia o producto de la patología en sí, y no se ha explorado la asociación directa con el síntoma ni a discriminarse por los tipos de ideación delirante. Es por esto que se tiene por objetivos describir los posibles determinantes en la asociación entre la metacognición y los subprocesos implicados (Teoría de la Mente y Funciones ejecutivas) con la ideación delirante presente en diferentes diagnósticos clínicos; adicional se analizará los contenidos y las particularidades semiológicas de los delirios con relación a los subdominios metacognitivos, explorándose en pacientes con diagnóstico de Esquizofrenia; manía con síntomas psicóticos y controles sanos, enfocando las alteraciones a la particularidad de dominios sintomáticos y trascender el estudio desde una perspectiva transdiagnóstica, para dilucidar posibles escenarios de abordaje clínico y siendo una pauta para el desarrollo de estrategias terapéuticas coadyuvantes como lo es el entrenamiento en habilidades Metacognitivas en pacientes con trastornos de la esfera mental.
dc.description.abstractOne of the cardinal symptoms in psychotic disorders is the presence of delusional ideation, which is characterized mainly by two major aspects: resistance to change despite being in the light of evidence to the contrary, that is, a lack of guarantee; and the other trait, even more characteristic, is the conviction or self-evidence of the person presenting delusions. The last aspect mentioned is important from the current perspective of the study of alterations in the cognitive processes of patients with psychiatric disorders, of particular interest studies on metacognition since this function is involved in the understanding of the mental states themselves and of other individuals, such as the ability to see the world seen from multiple perspectives and also the ability to use knowledge to address social issues and psychological dilemmas. Although to date there are few studies, it has been established that metacognition is altered mainly in patients with schizophrenia, so much so that these findings have been postulated as possible "core symptoms" within psychopathology. However, it is noteworthy that this relationship has been explored as a consequence or product of the pathology itself, and the direct association with the symptom has not been explored, nor has it been discriminated by the types of delusional ideation. This is why it is intended to describe the possible determinants in the association between metacognition and the sub-processes involved (Theory of Mind and Executive Functions) with the delusional ideation present in different clinical diagnoses; In addition, the contents and semiological characteristics of delusions will be analyzed in relation to the metacognitive subdomains, exploring it in patients with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia; mania with psychotic symptoms and healthy controls, focusing the alterations to the particularity of symptomatic domains and transcending the study from a transdiagnostic perspective, to elucidate possible scenarios of clinical approach and being a guideline for the development of adjuvant therapeutic strategies such as training in Metacognitive skills in patients with disorders of the mental sphere.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Psiquiatría
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightsAcceso abierto
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.titleAsociación de las alteraciones en la metacognición con la presentación de las ideas delirantes en diferentes trastornos psiquiátricos
dc.typeOtro


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