Evaluación de los cambios morfológicos en neuronas hipocampales producidos por lesión del nervio facial en ratas

dc.contributorTroncoso, Julieta
dc.contributorNeurofisiología Comportamental
dc.creatorBolivar Baquero, Oscar Andres
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-22T00:58:57Z
dc.date.available2021-09-22T00:58:57Z
dc.date.created2021-09-22T00:58:57Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-03
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80253
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractDistintos modelos de lesión de nervios periféricos en ratas se han utilizado ampliamente para estudiar los cambios estructurales que ocurren, no solamente en las neuronas directamente afectadas, sino también en otras estructuras del sistema nervioso central relacionadas con el procesamiento sensoriomotor. El Grupo de Neurofisiología Comportamental, de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, además de describir cambios a nivel morfológico, molecular y electrofisiológico generados en la corteza motora primaria de vibrisas por la lesión del nervio facial en ratas, ha descrito una disminución de la plasticidad a largo plazo en la sinapsis comisural CA3CA1 del hipocampo, asociada a este tipo de lesión. Sumado a ello, se ha encontrado un aumento en los niveles plasmáticos de corticosterona, una disminución en la consolidación de la memoria espacial y un aumento de la activación microglial en el hipocampo de animales con axotomía del nervio facial. En este trabajo se analizó la morfología neuronal de las células piramidales de las regiones CA3 y CA1 del hipocampo en ratas con lesión reversible o irreversible del nervio facial. Para este fin, se realizó una tinción del tejido cerebral con el método Golgi-cox en animales lesionados y sacrificados a distintos tiempos post-lesión, que se compararon con cerebros de animales control. Se evaluó la complejidad dendrítica mediante el análisis de Sholl y se calculó la densidad de espinas dendríticas de las regiones basal y apical. Se encontró que ambos tipos de lesión son capaces de producir disminuciones significativas en: 1) la complejidad del árbol dendrítico; 2) la longitud total de dendritas y 3) el número de espinas dendríticas. No obstante, se evidencia una tendencia a la recuperación de estas modificaciones en animales con lesión reversible del nervio facial (es decir, que son capaces de recuperar la función motora tras la lesión). Esta tendencia de reversión de las modificaciones está correlacionada con la recuperación funcional que los sujetos demuestran entre los días postoperatorios 14 y 35. Se concluye que la lesión del nervio facial, con la posibilidad de recuperación funcional o no, es capaz de producir cambios anatómicos en las neuronas piramidales de las regiones CA1 y CA3 del hipocampo. Dichos cambios denotan una reducción general de la complejidad del árbol dendrítico y de la densidad de espinas, que tiende a revertirse si hay recuperación de la función motora. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractSeveral models of peripheral nerve injury in rats have been widely used to study the structural changes that occur in the injured neurons and other central nervous system structures related to sensorimotor processing. The Behavioral Neurophysiology Group (Universidad Nacional de Colombia), has described morphological, molecular and electrophysiological changes in the vibrissae primary motor cortex associated with facial nerve injury in rats. Moreover, recently it has been reported a decrease in long-term potentiation of hippocampal CA3-to-CA1 commissural synapse, related with this type of peripheral injury. In addition, it has been found increased corticosterone plasmatic levels, impediment in spatial memory consolidation, and hippocampal microglial activation in animals with facial nerve axotomy. In this work we analyzed the neuronal morphology of hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cells in animals with reversible or irreversible facial nerve injury. For this purpose, brain tissue of injured animals sacrificed at different post-lesion times, were staining with Golgi-cox method and compared with control brains. It was found that both irreversible and reversible facial nerve injury produced significant decreases in 1) complexity of the dendritic tree; 2) dendrites total length; and 3) dendritic spine’s density. However, a trend toward recovery of these modifications is evident in animals with reversible facial nerve injury (i.e., that are able to recover motor function after injury). This trend is correlated with the recovery of motor function between 14- and 35-days post-injury. It is concluded that facial nerve injury produced significant changes in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons morphology. Such changes demonstrate a general reduction in the complexity of the dendritic tree and spine density, which tends to reverse if recovery of motor function is allowed.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biología
dc.publisherDepartamento de Biología
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisherBogotá - Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleEvaluación de los cambios morfológicos en neuronas hipocampales producidos por lesión del nervio facial en ratas
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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