dc.contributor | Martínez, Mauricio Fernando | |
dc.contributor | Gómez López, Eyder Daniel | |
dc.creator | Palacios Joya, Lizeth Paola | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-12 | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-09-30T16:18:18Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-12 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-09-30T16:18:18Z | |
dc.date.created | 2024-12 | |
dc.date.created | 2021-09-30T16:18:18Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021-09-22 | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80343 | |
dc.identifier | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.identifier | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | |
dc.description.abstract | Colombia es el tercer país con mayor área cosechada de aguacate, participando con el
6% del área mundial y una producción de 596.814 toneladas. Esta participación en el
mercado internacional se debe principalmente al crecimiento en el área cultivada con
aguacate Hass, del cual se han establecido más de 20.000 hectáreas en los últimos cinco
años. Pese a este crecimiento, la cadena productora se ve afectada por la baja
disponibilidad de material de siembra con calidad genética, fisiológica y fitosanitaria
requeridos para las condiciones de producción del país. Donde una de las principales
limitantes fitosanitarias es la pudrición de raíces, las cuales contribuyen a una pérdida
comercial significativa durante la fase de establecimiento de huertos productivos. El
propósito de este trabajo fue caracterizar morfológica, molecular y patogénicamente
hongos Nectriaceos asociados a la pudrición de raíces del aguacate en viveros del Valle
del Cauca. Se realizaron visitas a 16 viveros de aguacate, colectando muestras de suelos
y raíces de 89 plantas con síntomas de marchitez, clorosis y necrosis. Se obtuvieron 83
aislamientos y una frecuencia de aparición de hongos de la familia Nectriaceae del 61%,
siendo Cylindrocladiella el de mayor frecuencia (24%), seguido de Fusarium (17%),
Gliocladiopsis (10%), Calonectria (4%), Campylocarpon (4%) e Ilyonectria (2%).
Oomycetos como Phytophthora mostraron una frecuencia del 12%. La identificación de los
aislamientos se realizó mediante claves taxonómicas y amplificación de la región ITS
obteniendo porcentajes de identidad y cobertura entre el 99-100%, logrando la
identificación de especies de importancia como Phytophthora cinnamomi, P. heveae,
Calonectria sp., Cylindrocladiella peruviana, Ilyonectria destructans, Pleiocarpon
algariense, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. keratoplasticum y Campylocarpon
pseudofasciculare. El estudio permitió identificar y caracterizar patógenos causantes de marchitez del aguacate presentes en viveros del Valle del cauca, lo cual es un importante precedente para el estatus fitosanitario del cultivo en el país.(Texto tomado de la fuente). | |
dc.description.abstract | Colombia is the third country with the largest area harvested for avocado, participating with
6% of the world area and a production of 596,814 tons. This participation in the international
market is mainly due to the growth in the area cultivated with Hass avocado, of which more
than 20,000 hectares have been established in the last five years. Despite this growth, the
production chain is affected by the low availability of planting material with genetic,
physiological, and phytosanitary quality required for the country's production conditions.
Where one of the main phytosanitary limitations is root rot, which contributes to a significant
commercial loss during the establishment phase of productive orchards. The purpose of
this work was to characterize morphologically, molecularly, and pathogenically
Nectriaceous fungi associated with avocado root rot in Valle del Cauca nurseries. Visits
were made to 16 avocado nurseries, collecting soil and root samples from 89 plants with
symptoms of wilting, chlorosis, and necrosis. 83 isolates were obtained and a frequency of
appearance of fungi of the Nectriaceae family of 61%, being Cylindrocladiella the most
frequent (24%), followed by Fusarium (17%), Gliocladiopsis (10%), Calonectria (4%),
Campylocarpon (4%) and Ilyonectria (2%). Oomycetes like Phytophthora showed a
frequency of 12%. The identification of the isolates was carried out using taxonomic keys
and amplification of the ITS region, obtaining identity and coverage percentages between
99-100%, achieving the identification of important species such as Phytophthora
cinnamomi, P. heveae, Calonectria sp., Cylindrocladiella peruviana, Ilyonectria
destructans, Pleiocarpon algariense, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. keratoplasticum
and Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare. The study allowed to identify and characterize pathogens that cause avocado wilt present in nurseries of Valle del Cauca, which is an important precedent for the phytosanitary status of the crop in the country. | |
dc.language | spa | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.publisher | Palmira - Ciencias Agropecuarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrarias | |
dc.publisher | Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Palmira | |
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dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | |
dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
dc.title | Caracterización de microorganismos asociados a la pudrición de raíces de Aguacate Persea americana Mill en viveros del Valle del Cauca, Colombia | |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | |