Cuidado de pessoas usuárias de drogas: estudo fenomenológico na perspectiva do redutor de danos

Abstract

The use of alcohol and other drugs have always been present in the history of humanity, in different ways and in several contexts without bringing, firstly damages to the health. The Damage Reduction Policy is constituted by an intervention strategy which has the aim to minimize the risks to the health of the alcohol users and other drugs. As the phenomenological issue: how do the Damage Reductor act to take care of the drug users? And, as objectives: to describe the actions developed by the Damage Reductor when taking care of drug users; to learn the reasons for the actions of the Damage Reductor when taking care of the drug users; to understand the thypical of the action of Damage Reductor when takinh care of the drug users. It is a qualitative research with approaching on Social Phenomenology by Alfred Schütz. The participants were 17 Damage Reductors, who carried out actions to take care of drug users, distributed at a Street Office and eight compositions of Damage Reductions in the municipality of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The data production occured from April to May 2017, by the phenomenological interview which was finished when there were enough meanings. They were respected the ethical aspects following the Resolution N° 466/2012 of the National Health Council which concerns researches on human beings. This way, they were revealed the constructions of the concrette categories of the lived and reasons to: Wait for a positive change for their accessed before their actions; An expectance of contribution for a better society; Aiming their actions as personal satisfaction; Learning as a personal expectance in relation to the other. It was found out that the Damage Reductor acts with kindness and with respect on the people who use/abuse drugs. For that they have a natural treatment different from their social group. The Damage Reductor contributes to the care by actions related to the user and also the society. They feel thankful for the positive result of their actions. And still put themselves as apprentices when they take those experiences to their personal life. This study contributes to the building of the knowledge related to the issue, besides providing support to the Damage Reductors which perform their actions on the street and going home to home.