Múltiplas escalas em interações presa-predador

Abstract

The main purpose of this dissertation was to analyze the occurrence of two time scales in predator-prey systems. Initially, we proposed two discrete models without spatial structure. The first model considers fast vital dynamics for the prey and slow dynamics for the predator. The second one proposes the reproduction of the predator in a faster time scale than the prey. We observed that the inclusion of different time scales modifies the stability region of the coexistence equilibrium. Besides, the equilibrium densities of prey and predator populations are altered by the difference between scales. A spatial distributed model via Coupled Map Lattices in which both species move by simple diffusion in a two-dimensional dominium was formulated. Dispersal and predator growth occur in a fast scale while preys reproduce in a slow scale. In the simulation developed with this model, we observed the formation of stable heterogeneous spatial patterns as well as waves of pursuit and evasion.