Ciclos reais de condução veicular em Santa Maria e seus impactos em consumo e emissões

Abstract

In order to improve urban air quality and to meet legislation requirements, vehicular technology is constantly advancing. It focus on techniques that reduce both fuel consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases as well as harmful pollutant emissions. The technologies, however, have different impacts depending on the city, its traffic conditions and urban planning as well as other socio-economic and cultural factors that affect the driving stile. Thus, standard drive cycles such as NEDC, FTP75 or others may not represent properly the actual condition and are being progressively replaced by real-world driving cycles. This paper aims to analyze the impact of real driving conditions in the city of Santa Maria, in southern Brazil, in respect to emissions and fuel consumption. Data of real world driving cycles were collected for motorized transport and introduced into computational models to simulate vehicles traveling in predetermined route. Urban buses and passenger cars were evaluated in different traffic conditions. Underestimation of more than 50% in emissions were observed in heavy traffic conditions across the indicated in standard cycles. Simulation of techniques to reduce pollutant emissions in Diesel engines has confirmed more than 90% reductions in emissions of PM, CO, HC, and 40% of NOx, operating under real conditions.