Seleção e utilização de livros didáticos de física em escolas de educação básica

Abstract

We aim with this research to understand how the Programa Nacional do Livro Didático arrive at elementary schools and what implications it brings to teaching work developed in these schools. To this end, we propose to answer the following research problem: In what ways the different operating conditions for the selection and use of textbooks in the organization and development of physics classes? We classify our research as qualitative approach. As information sources we used members of management teams and physics teachers in service in schools and meetings to choose the textbook, in the PNLD. As instruments to collect information we used questionnaires, interviews and observation. The research involved 27 physics teachers of EEB, 15 members of management teams of EEB and six meetings for the choice of books on EEB. For these analyzes, we can say: the choice of books in schools has been triggered more from actions taken by publishers than actually based on the guidelines of the FNDE; The decision about the books have occurred more because of issues outside the school (following matters established by vestibular PEIES ) than the guidelines and proposals present in the PPP of the schools; The actions carried out in schools, relating to their participation in the PNLD, mobilize all teachers involved by conducting at least one meeting, but these actions are limited to the choice of books, with no broader discussions on the goals expected for secondary education in schools and the role of the textbook these purposes; Is common in the process of choosing books meetings of teachers in the room during the interval classes where teachers exchange information and make decisions about the textbooks; The Textbook has not been the only teaching materials used by teachers in the preparation of physics classes, although other materials are used in physics classrooms less frequently and with a further purpose; In the development of their classes, teachers seem to get stuck in a "form" of teaching physics that determine just how to use the Textbook, mainly as a source of exercises to be solved by the students. We conclude that the book is not helping to change the practice of physics teachers surveyed (in order to bring improvements) and own choice of books held in the PNLD has been performed in order to suit the way the teacher has already developed their classes.