Segregação residencial por índices de dissimilaridade, isolamento e exposição, com indicador renda, no espaço urbano de Santa Maria - RS, por geotecnologias

Abstract

The socioeconomic transformations that occurred in the 90s in Brazil resulted in the redefinition of a new spatial pattern in Brazilian cities. This new standard fragmented approaches physically different social groups, but keeps them socially distant. The residential segregation, separation of families belonging to different social groups, can be analyzed from the degree of clustering, exposure and spatial isolation of a social group in certain places of the urban space. In this sense, segregation measures are useful tools for the analysis of patterns, causes and consequences of this phenomenon. Thus the aim of this study was to identify and analyze the pattern of residential segregation existing in the Urban Space Santa Maria - RS, in 2010. In fulfilling this objective the study supports the referential theoretical, emphasizing the themes that involve residential segregation, its measurement and geotechnology; methodological philosophical determined Analytical and Hypothetical-Deductive, and technician determined by the use of geotechnology and quantitative techniques. From the assumptions and considerations raised formulated was possible to know the reality of the Urban Space in Santa Maria-RS, with respect to residential segregation, noting that although this process to focus on certain regions and sectors, there is physical proximity (integration) social classes, without which this translates into social proximity (interaction). And that in areas where there is greater integration, the same occurs with individuals of similar social classes. In this sense, the methodology proved effective in identifying areas segregated and economic groups that composed it.