Tesis
Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos do colangiocarcinoma em cães da região central do RS
Fecha
2018-08-06Autor
Motta, Marco Aurélio Avendano
Institución
Resumen
Cholangiocarcinoma is considered a rare primary hepatic neoplasm in dogs in
most of the world. However, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, this is a very common
form of liver cancer. Based on the high prevalence and, consequently, on the
importance it brings to local canine medicine, the objective of this paper is to
establish the epidemiological and clinical aspects of cholangiocarcinoma in dogs.
For this, 66 cases of cholangiocarcinomas in dogs, diagnosed between 2000 and
2018, were evaluated. Males and females accounted for 45.5% and 54.5% of
cases, respectively. Breed dogs and non-breed dogs accounted for 63.6% and
36.4% of cases, respectively. The affected dogs died between 4 and 18 years of
age. The mean age of death was 10.9 years. Adult and elderly dogs accounted
for 31.7% and 68.3% of the cases, respectively. The prevalence of major clinical
signs was as follows: inappetence or anorexia (83.3%), progressive weight loss
or cachexia (78.8%), abdominal distension (34.8%) due to the “mass effect” (31.8
%), ascites (12.1%) and/or hemoperitoneum (16.7%), mucous pallor (33.3%),
vomiting (30.3%), dyspnea (28.8%), fever (21.2%), jaundice (19.7%), and
diarrhea (15.2%). Two paraneoplastic syndromes are described for the first time
for dogs with cholangiocarcinoma: paraneoplastic hypoglycemia (7.6%) and
glucagonoma syndrome (3%). The results expressed in this article allow us to
conclude that cholangiocarcinoma occurs frequently in dogs in the Central
Region of RS, regardless of gender, breed or age, but it is less frequent in females
and much more common in the elderly, that is, in dogs above 10 years old. The
main clinical signs of cholangiocarcinoma are much more associated with
abdominal distension by "mass effect" or paraneoplastic syndromes than with
hepatic impairment itself.