Energia hidrelétrica: eficiência na geração

Abstract

Hydro power generation is one of the oldest in the world and used options. This transformation occurs when water passes through the hydraulic turbine that transforms hydraulic power into mechanical power. The turbine rotates the generator and the mechanical power is converted into electrical power. Over the years, studies of energy planning were created and designed to minimize losses occurred to the power generation process. Since the turbines are extremely important some of them were addressed, such as: Pelton, Francis, Kaplan and Siphon, which is the least used. Whereas the first three have efficiency above 80%. Besides energy planning and environmental analyzes are developed to minimize the environmental impacts generated by the construction of the plant. Currently three types of licenses should be made to implement the same, as follows: initial license, installation license and operating license. The costs for the deployment of a plant are high value, where only a Francis turbine assembly and three-phase synchronous generator is the cost of R$ 2,814,000.00 and other tubular turbine set "S" rotor and generator Kaplan three-phase synchronous with cost of R$ 3,708,500.00.