Análise da dinâmica das exportações de máquinas e implementos agrícolas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (2003-2012)

Abstract

This monograph aims to analyze the evolution of agricultural machinery exports from Rio Grande do Sul (RS) between 2003 and 2012, in order to identify the influential ones about their behavior. The research is characterized as descriptive and qualitative-quantitative. Secondary data provided by the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC) and the Foundation of Economy and Statistics of Rio Grande do Sul (FEE) were evaluated. The variables selected for analysis were: a) the quantity of tractors, machinery and equipment for agriculture exported by the state of Rio Grande do Sul; b) proportion of the destination countries of the exports and the relation with the other exporting states of Brazil; c) representation of the agricultural machinery sector in the total international trade of the state for the year 2003 to 2012. The state of Rio Grande do Sul is the fifth largest exporting state of Brazilian products, with agricultural machinery accounting for 8% commercialized. The results showed that the volume of exports shows cycles of expansion and retraction in short periods of time, in order to reflect the external market conditions and being one of the conditions of the acceleration / deceleration of the Brazilian domestic market. In 2008 and 2009, there were more significant declines both in exports and in the production of the sector, due to the world crisis, which began after a financial crisis in the United States, which in these years were the main buyers of the state and of the parents. During the analyzed period, the main trading partners in the market for machinery and equipment for agriculture in Rio Grande do Sul are the USA, Argentina and China. The RS presents an export trend for emerging or developing countries that have intensified rural activity. Therefore, it has revealed advantages for commercialization through the application of the Regional Guidance Indices and Revealed Comparative Advantages.