A educação primária na Primeira República

Abstract

The present work is constituted of a bibliographical research that intends to look for information on the facts related to the primary education in Brazil in the First Republic. Tends in view the social and political organization of the country, whose characteristic identified a republic of independent states in a moment of passage of an agrarian-commercial society for urban-industrial, the objective of the referred research is to verify the contribution of the elementary school for the construction of the Brazilian nationality, tends about central point the eradication of the illiteracy in Brasil and the contribution of the educational politics of States for the development of the country. It is looked for, to verify the importance of the elementary school in the sense of breaking the dogmas of an education returned to the elites, favoring an including thought, making possible the access of all to the learned world. The results of the analysis bring, through the educational reforms of States and of the nationalist perspective of the period, an estrangement of the fundamental road to try to reduce the illiterates' index in the country, including the people in an equalitarian way in the citizenship beginnings before the society, tends in the Federal Constitution of 1891, one of the great fetter for these purposes, sees the centralization of resources in the Federal Government and the priority of these for the medium and superior teaching.