Mapeamento da compactação em área irrigada de grãos e sua correlação com condutividade elétrica do solo e produtividade da soja

Abstract

The Precision Agriculture is a management tool that allows you to evaluate, analyze and intervene with actions in the correct location, at the correct time with the correct agricultural input and with the more profitably way, decreasing the spatial variability of the area also allowing increases in productivity with rationalization of resources. In economic terms, the use of this technology allows the prioritization of investments in areas where the potential for production is more effective, ensuring a bigger economic return. The geostatistics has become an important tool because it allows us to study the behavior of the spatial variability, both of chemical and of physical nature, allows to the producer to combine this information with the productivity maps and thus make decisions that can increase production efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate through maps of soil compaction and electrical conductivity which of these factors is more correlated with soybean yield in irrigated area. The work was conducted in the municipality of Pejuçara, RS. The first step was the acquisition of productivity map at harvest of the crop soybeans 2013-2014, in a demarcated area of 47 hectares. After was carried the work to yield maps of soil compaction on three layers of soil, collected in 190 points in the area, and the data were interpolated with CR Campeiro 7. For the assessment of soil electrical conductivity, we used the equipment Veris 3100 which made assessments at depths 0-30 and 30-90 cm deep. After the evaluations, it was found that much of the area is compacted. From the analyzes performed, it was not possible to notice the correlation between productivity and the variables studied. These facts lead us to conclude that in irrigated area the soil compaction is not able to affect, so severely in the levels detected, the development of culture.