Sistematização de conhecimento para o projeto o projeto de motor a etanol para aeronave agrícola

Abstract

Actually in Brasil there there is a fleet around 1500 agricultural aircraft working on different aplications. The spray aplication by na airplane of crop defenses is increasing on the last years, generating a demand on spraying airplanes, pilots, spare parts for maintenance, fuel and, first of all, operational cost reduction. Base on this, the present master thesis is working as knowledge generator ans presenting results for, in the future, to project an ethanol aeronautical engine that will use on agricultural/spraying airplanes. Operational costs for agricultural airplanes is based on maintenance and in the fuel, that the major part uses aviation gasoline AvGas as fuel. Ethanol comes with a great chance to reduces such costs, due to the price of this fuel is only around 25% of AvGas. The aeronautical engines that flies nowadays with ethanol as fuel are a conversions from AvGas engines, wich generates some problems, the main is consumption increasing. The possibility to reduces operational costs with using a fuel from renewable source and challenge to get an aeronautical engine dedicated to run with ethanol as fuel is what motivates and derecting this research. Development process of a technical system, as an ethanol engine, is complex and requires human and material resources administration, information colect, research and a strenght management of whole development process. Methodology for this work development is based on exploratory research of existing bibliography about development product process, technical systems, aeronautical engines, agricultural aviation and homologation standards for aeronautical engines and your parts and components. Information acquired are presented to provide a data base to meet the need of companies, engineers and designers on a future development. After organization and threatment the data supply the base of influence factors for a project of aeronautical ethanol engine for agricultural airplane. The knowledge about brasilian agricultural airplane fleet and engines used on such airplanes provide detailed information about size and capacity of each airplane and their aplications, including information about their technical and operating characteristics. With this, was able to make entire influence factors for a project of aeronautical ethanol engine for agricultural airplane, such influence factors are divided in four groups that is: Project Scope, Benchmarking, Operating Characteristics and Standards & Homologation. Technical data and information of aeronautical engines and their characteristics was evaluated and compared to observ the tendency of engines with power in a range beetween 151 and 300kW, where more than 80% of those engines in whole brasilian fleet is inside of this range, the major part using AvGas as fuel. Engines running with ethanol generates more power if compared the same engine running with AvGas, for other side, there is a consumption increasing, aorund 40% more and the emissions are decreased, what is a positive point with ethanol use as fuel.