Asociación de las violencias física, sexual y comunitaria con el embarazo en adolescentes : análisis multinivel

Abstract

ObjectivesDetermine the association between exposure to violence, experienced individual or municipal level and adolescent pregnancy in Colombian between 13 to 19 years old, who responded the National Demography and Health survey en 2010. Methods Multilevel, national and cross- sectional study, with two hierarchic levels. Level – 1 registers of a 13313 representative simple women between 13 to 19 years old. who responded the National Demography and Health survey en 2010. Level-2 violence data of 258 municipalities in Colombia from DANE vital stadistics. ResultsThe prevalence of teenage pregnancy was 16. 8% IC 95% [16. 2-17. 4]. . The analysis showed that the association between adolescent pregnancy and violence both individually, represented as sexual violence [OR = 6. 99 IC99% 4. 80-10. 10] and physical violence [OR = 1. 74 IC99% 1. 47-2. 05] as well as the municipality violence represented in rates highest homicide [OR = 1. 99 IC99% 1. 29-3. 07] and very high [OR = 2. 10 IC99% 1. 21-3. 61] remained statistically significant after adjusting for the variables: age [OR = 1. 81 IC99% 1. 71-1. 91] occupation [ OR = 1. 62 IC99% 1. 37-1. 93], primary or no education [OR = 2. 20 IC99% 1. 47-3. 30], secondary education [OR = 1. 70 IC99% 1. 24-2. 32], attending school [OR = 0. 18 IC99% 0. 15- 0. 21], knowledgement on ovulatory cicle [OR = 1. 28 IC99% 1. 06-1. 54], wealth index Q1, Q2, Q3 [OR = 2. 18 IC99% 1. 42-3. 34], [OR = 2. 00 IC99% 1. 39-2. 28] [OR = 1. 82 IC99% 1. 92-2. 25] and high percentage of unsatisfied basic needs at the municipality level [OR = 2. 34 IC99% 1. 55-3. 52]. ConclusionsThis study showed a statistically significant relationship between sexual and physical violence with the onset sexual intercourse and adolescent pregnancy after controlling for socio-demographic factors and knowledge in sexual reproduction in Colombian women from 13 to 19 years in 2010. This association should continue to be studied to optimize prevention strategies and reduce the current rate of adolescent pregnancy in the country and its consequences.