Recuperación de la función renal en pacientes bogotanos con lesión renal aguda tratados con terapia de reemplazo renal continua versus diálisis intermitente

Abstract

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a pathology affecting millions of people worldwide, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Criticall ill patients with AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality is high (55. 8%); while chronic dialysis dependence, on survivors, is approximately 10%; generating a decrease in life quality and increasing the costs of long-term health care. The development of new technologies, such as hemofiltration, focuses on the recovery of renal function; However, when compared with intermittent dialysis, the results are inconclusive. Objectives: To demonstrate that there is a greater accumulated incidence of recovery of renal function in patients with AKI treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) versus intermittent dialysis (ID), analyzing the various factors that may affect the outcome. Methodology: A historical cohort study was performed, comparing patients in critical care with AKI who required RRT, between the years 2013 and 2016 at the Hospital Universitario Mayor in Bogotá. A sample size of 71 patients was calculated for ID and 52 for CRRT. It was decided to work with a minimum of 71 patients in each group. Recovery of renal function was defined as dependence of chronic dialysis. Results: a total of 161 patients (ID = 80 and TRRC = 81) were analyzed. Men 64% and a median age of 71 years. The most frequent pathology in AKI was sepsis. The most frequent cause of RRT was fluid overload and hyperazoemia. We found RR of 1, 9 (95% CI 1, 08-3, 35) times renal recovery function in CRRT compared with ID. Therapy modality, age, sepsis, cardiovascular disease, accumulated fluid balance, hospitalization time and total ultrafiltration were statistically associated with recovery of renal function in the predictive logistic model. Discussion: CRRT was associated with greater recovery of renal function compared to ID in critically ill patients with AKI. A predictive model of recovery of renal function was proposed based on the results of the multivariate analysis. The results of the present study support that CRRT could have a positive impact on patients` quality of life and could reduce costs in health care.