Síntomas respiratorios y neumoconiosis por polvo de carbón diagnosticada radiológicamente, en los trabajadores de minería subterránea en Boyacá en el año 2014

Abstract

Introduction Pneumoconiosis are a group of occupational respiratory diseases due to dust accumulation in the lungs. Colombia, despite being a mining country, does not have any official data on the prevalence of pneumoconiosis so the country has not implemented preventive measures to prevent the development of diseases associated with mining in order to decrease the incidence and prevalence of pneumoconiosis diseases.

Objectives Determine the prevalence of pneumoconiosis from diagnostic radiology and describe respiratory symptoms reported by workers in underground coal mines in the department of Boyaca.

Materials and methods A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 232 workers underground mining of Boyaca; having as a source of information data from the project "Assessment of exposure to coal dust in three departments of Colombia, 2012-2015," funded by the Instituto Nacional de Salud, Universidad de Los Andes, Universidad del Rosario, ARL Positiva and Colciencias. The analysis of the study data was performed using Stata version 11 software.

Result 100% of the study population were male. The median age was 40.5 years (20-73). The work most commonly demisting by miners was: picks 168 (72.41%). Respiratory symptoms most frequently found in this study were cough and cough. As for spitting was more frequent in the morning during winter: 66.38% (154) and cough, day or night during the winter: 53.88% (125). For smoking the 17.67% smoked at the time of the study. Miners In 69 (29.74%) parenchymal abnormalities were found in the Chest X-ray.