Retinoscopía estática: variabilidad interobservadores entre docentes y estudiantes de optometría en una institución universitaria de Bogotá D.C.

Abstract

Introduction: The gold standard for refractive error is retinoscopy. When teachers of optometry evaluate students, they accept a difference of ±0. 50D in refraction but it has not been evaluated statistically nor whether it is appropriate for low and high ametropias. The objective was to quantify the degree of interobserver agreement in static retinoscopy between teachers and students, for low and high ametropias. Methodology: Study of agreement between 4 observers in 40 eyes, 20 with high ametropias and 20 with low errors, non-probability sampling. Statistical analysis with intraclass correlation coefficient, reliability 95%, power 90%, and graphic method of agreement limits to 95%. Results: Concordance for the spherical equivalent between teachers was 0. 96 and between students was 0. 56. In students concordance was 0. 89 for low refractive errors and between teachers was 0. 96 for high defects. Concordance among four examiners was 0. 78, in low defects was 0. 86 and in high ametropias was 0. 67. Margin of error between teachers was ±0. 87D and between students ±3. 15D. In low defects ±0. 61D for teachers and ±0. 80D for students; in high errors ±1. 10D and ±4. 22D, respectively. Discussion: There was a higher reliability in retinoscopy between experienced professionals. The concordance was compared between teachers and students, and was founded less matching that described by other studies comparing between professionals, despite being chosen by their good grades. Must be developed teaching strategies to reduce the margins of error obtained and to improve concordance between teachers and students.