Análisis de la iniciativa de cluster de petróleo y gas en la región del Magdalena Medio como herramienta para la competitividad

Abstract

In the organizational world arises the big question of why some economic sectors acquire a high degree of competitiveness in certain parts of the world while in others these are in decline. This pattern can be explained under the focus of competition, due to the commerce, politics, industry, education and other factors no longer had a local priority and began to look at a global level.

After the Second World War, new friendships were born between East and West, new markets, products and needs, giving rise to globalization and international competition, and powers like the U.S. made incursion in the automotive and technology sectors, consolidating as leaders, but has been falling because of the lack of innovation, research and development, factors used by countries like Japan, which has dominated much of the market belonged to the Americans, but those factors are not enough to stay, so the question is: How a specific sector may stand out from others and in a particular country?.

Professor Michael Porter in his books and publications says that this is possible through the acquisition of sustainable competitive advantages that are obtained as long as the companies have defined: the terms of factors of production, demand, and support related groups, and the appropriate structure for competition, these factors together shape the "Diamond of Competitiveness", but to go into detail, it is first necessary to understand the concept of competitiveness, which has become an important factor for governments and industry.

A company must have the ability to interpret the economic, political, social and cultural development to which it is subjected, in order to determine its suitability for creating or maintaining competitive advantage with international projection and a high level of competitiveness, these factors contribute in the strengthening of the predominant economic sectors and to preserve the image of a country as a world power.