Ausentismo laboral: impacto en la productividad y estrategias de control desde los programas de salud empresarial

Abstract

Absenteeism is a social, economic and labor issue that has a major impact on the worker who is absent but also about the company that affected its productivity, which ultimately results in a slowing economic and social growth in different sectors of the society. By virtue it is useful to make a review of the literature with sufficient scientific and epidemiological rigor to find the factors associated with absenteeism due to common illness and occupational disease, regulations and legislation emanating from international bodies such as the ILO and WHO; and likewise find the best strategies to control this problem, this in order to devise a strategy that can be transversal to all organizations and to be effective in controlling absenteeism due to common illnesses and / or labor. The common factor found in the literature on companies reporting high absenteeism rates were low measurements of organizational climate, organizational issues such as remuneration, interpersonal relationships and social factors related to the own regulations of each country where it was observed that in countries where health benefits are older people are more likely to be absent from work. That's why the work is presented as first control strategy absenteeism, analysis of organizational climate and Labor Psychology factors to develop the strategy adapted to the company, this in parallel with a complete analysis of absenteeism to generate strategies within Programs Business Medicos for disease prevention and health promotion, as well as vaccination for influenza which has proven to be an effective strategy to control absenteeism from respiratory diseases. Ultimately all those strategies that seek to reduce absenteeism rates in a particular company should focus on implementing healthy environments from the standpoint of physical health and mental health.