Trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales en menores de dos años: prevalencia y factores asociados en una IPS Bogotá 2015 - 2016

Abstract

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders of childhood (FGIDs) are chronic gastrointestinal symptoms not explained by structural or biochemical damage. They are classified according to ROME III criteria. Its prevalence is unknown in Latin American children less than 4 years. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of FGIDs and each of its entities in children less than 2 years old and explore it’s associated factors. Methodology: cross-sectional study with random sample taken from a population of a health institution in Bogotá city (n = 323) by performing survey self fill out by parents after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis was performed using SPSS software © using descriptive statistical bivariate analysis and through the application of tables 2X2, as a measure of association recalculated the odds disparity (RD) with IC95%. Results: Using ROMA III criteria, 22.1% of infants had FGIDs, 14.6% functional diarrhea, 12% dyschezia, 9.2% regurgitation, 3.3% constipation, 2% cyclic vomiting, 1.6% colic and 0% infant rumination. No association between maternal, gestational and perinatal risk factors was found. Bottle administration during neonatal hospital stay is associated with the presence of cyclic vomiting RD = 6 95% (1.076-33.447) p = 0.041. The administration of infant formula during the first 6 months of life is associated with functional diarrhea RD = 2.876 95% CI (1.23 - 6.724) p = 0.012 Conclusion: According to the study results, is necessary to consider the FGIDs as a frequent cause of symptoms and intestinal discomfort in infants under 2 years old.