Terapias cognoscitivo comportamentales de tercera generación (terapia de aceptación y compromiso, terapia cognoscitivo comportamental basada en Mindfulness, Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional) para el manejo de la fibromialgia

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is a painful chronic syndrome of high complexity in its diagnose (which until now is clinical) and in its handling. It’s characterized by the presence of numerous psychological problems in patients, of which is recognized the association with the syndrome but not the directionality of this association. Therefore, the attention of the people who develop it needs the deployment of several interdisciplinary efforts, with a high level of therapeutic failure and making the symptoms more chronic. The Cognitive Behavioral Therapy has demonstrated being a valuable tool for the effective intervention of the affective, emotional and behavioral needs in this population. So, the present undergraduate paper, had as an objective to make a review of the literature found in the specialized data bases, about the evidence of the Third Generation Cognitive Behavioral Therapies in handling fibromyalgia. There were selected, from these therapies, the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), the Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and the Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP). In the first place, it is presented a brief historical course of the Behavioral Therapy in order to be appreciated the differences and similarities with the Behavioral Therapy in its three generations. Subsequently, it is presented each one of the three selected therapies, contextualizing them in their objectives and empirical evidence in the Health Psychology and specifically in chronic pain and fibromyalgia. Finally, there are drawn some general conclusions and it is discussed its efficacy and its role, in special for the handle of fibromyalgia.