Relación de biomarcadores de dosis interna con síntomas neurológicos y de conducta en pintores de carros de la ciudad de Bogotá, 2015

Abstract

Introduction: The use of organic solvents is very common in different industries and economic sectors worldwide, they generate a significant occupational exposure partnering with mutagenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic and other disorders mainly neurological and behavioral. Objective: To determine the relationship between the presence of biomarkers of internal dose to organic solvents and the existence of neurological and behavioral symptoms in car painters of Bogota. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study a sample of 122 individuals, 62 exposed and 60 in the control group. sociodemographic, occupational variables, and results of clinical biomarkers in urine for benzene, toluene and xylene (S-phenylmercapturic acid, hippuric and ortho, para and meta-methylenechippuric respectively) were included. For the analysis of the information measures of central tendency and dispersion were obtained. Spearman correlation analysis and chi-square test of association was used to establish the relationship between occupational exposure and symptoms present obtained from the questionnaire application Q 16. The significance level for the tests was 0.05. Results: Hippuric acid values ​​were above the permissible limits in 17.74% (11) of workers and the p-methylenechippuric acid in 12.90% (8) of them. No values ​​mercapturic acid phenyl recorded outside the permitted limit. 25% (15) of the exposed population showed neurological symptoms. a significant relationship between these symptoms and the presence of biomarkers found: hippuric acid and somnolence (p = 0.009), loss of sexual desire (p = 0 .019); methylenechippuric acid and forget to do important things (p = 0 .019), loss of strength in arms or legs (p = 0.013) and insomnia (p = 0.028); phenyl-mercapturic and hallucinations (p = 0.000) acid. Two symptoms had a significant relationship for both hippuric acid to the acid methylenechippuric: unusually tired (p = 0.001 and 0.046) and difficulty buttoning (p = 0.045 and 0.002). Conclusions. The presence of neurological and behavioral symptoms are important indicators of exposure to organic solvents. The emergence and early detection of these measures will allow to establish promotion and prevention programs as well as epidemiological surveillance.