Incidencia económico-financiera en el desempeño del fútbol profesional bogotano de la década de los noventa

Abstract

This research is based on the approach of one of the most serious problems that Colombian sport, specifically professional soccer, has suffered since being organized as a commercial company. The period of analysis focuses on the decade of the nineties, in which the influence of drug trafficking on the ownership and management of football teams was more evident, affecting not only their competitive results, in a negative or positive way, depending on the perspective of analysis. The main objective has been to carry out an analysis of the incidence of money laundering on the sports performance of Bogota professional football clubs during the decade of the nineties. For this, it was sought to solve specific objectives consisting of identifying the modalities of money laundering within the professional soccer teams of Bogota for the period of the nineties, comparing the sports performance of the Bogota clubs with the incidence of the inflow of illicit money to their finances through the changes in their classification of the previous and subsequent decades with respect to those obtained during the nineties and to analyze the relationship between the financing of the Independiente Santa Fe and Millonarios teams and their sports performance between 1990-2000. The methodology consisted in a series of semi-directed interviews with sports experts, based on an instrument of 22 open-ended questions. Also, a correlational analysis of the sports clubs Millonarios and Santa Fe regarding their sports performance was made, evidenced in the positions reached within the national leased championship, in the decades 1980-1989, 1990-1999 and 2000-2010, in order of contrasts the previous and subsequent periods with the decade analyzed. An exhaustive review of pertinent literature was made for the corresponding qualitative analysis of the object of study. The results show that the competitive results are different between the teams of the capital and the representative clubs of Cali and Medellín. The illicit financial operations influenced Millonarios and Santa Fe less, in terms of returns in the standings. The means used by drug cartels at the time were from the ownership of the football clubs, to the incentives offered to the players, including transfers of key figures. The actors of the operations were the owners and managers of the clubs, which were changing due to the political scenario derived from the State war against drug trafficking.