Análisis de tecnologías eco eficientes para la disposición final de residuos sólidos en las empresas Coraseo S.A y Seacor S.A

Abstract

The solid wastes have existed since the dawn of humanity, as a direct result of human activities. Since then the proper management of solid waste has been a challenge for the population centers, taking us to the development of techniques and practices that remain until today. Our early ancestors found in opencast landfills the easiest solution to dispose of animal and food waste at sites near their homes, for example, the Greeks have records of the first municipal landfill in the city of Athens more than 2000 years ago. The evolution of cultures, the industrial revolution and population growth accelerated have changed not only the composition but also the volume of waste produced, making it increasingly difficult the proper management due to its high toxicity and the absence of biodegradable material, it is resulting in a significant impact on the environment. The picture is not very encouraging and projections issued by the World Bank foresee that by 2025 global levels of urban solid waste will reach 2.200 million tons per year.

Based on interest on adequate waste management and reduce environmental impact that the business unit composed by Coraseo S.A and Seacor S.A has as a company slogan, this research seeks to select a methodology and/or most appropriate technology taking into account the economic, logistical and infrastructure conditions of the company and the community involved. In this order of ideas, first, we studied in depth the business scene and later a group of four proposals for transformation and utilization of solid wastes, these proposals were evaluated in economic, regulatory and environmental level. The analyzed information suggest among other things, some changes in the Colombian and global environmental legal framework, more economic help from the international organizations and bank entities, and finally a reduction on the costs of the available technologies for the use of solid wastes, in order to make possible the dreams of the society to manage properly the solid wastes generating minimal environmental impact and especially in the case of the Cordoban Business group an innovation opportunity and an entrepreneur eco-efficient projects like the ones that were evaluated on this research.