bachelorThesis
Violencia de pareja contra la mujer que vive con VIH y que es atendida en un programa de atención integral en Bogotá. Fase I
Fecha
2018Autor
Arévalo Mora, Leonardo
Institución
Resumen
Background: In the context of violence in HIV, consequences are implicated in all areas for women, including loss of social support, social rejection, abandonment, violation of confidentiality and increased stigma to the diagnosed person. These situations lead to dissolution of marriage, abandonment, guilt, and refusal to attend the consultation in care programs. In Colombia there is no data that explores this situation in the country.
Objective: To identify the characteristics and factors that make up violence against women who lives with human immunodeficiency virus infection in the city of Bogotá. Subjects and methods: an analytical study in which cases of partner violence against women were identified and characterized, and a descriptive qualitative study of phenomenological type of cases with women who have been identified as victims of partner violence. The research consists of 2 phases over 12 months, in the first phase the application of the quantitative component comprising the cross-sectional study. According to these results, and to the inclusion criteria, the second phase of qualitative development with the focus group technique will be conducted. Patients: Women over 18 years of age with HIV diagnosis and who agreed to answer a self-administered survey in a HIV-specialized institution providing health services (IPS) at Bogotá in 2017. And for the second phase the invitation was made to women who were identified themselves as victims of partner violence. Design: Phase I of this research has a transversal analytical design in which, cases of partner violence against women were identified and characterized. Measurements: In the collection of the information, the validated instrument "índice de violencia de pareja” was used, originally from the United States and designed in 1981 to determine the presence of partner violence and translated to Spanish and validated in 2009. Results: 223 patients answer the questionnaire, 33.6% of them [CI 95% 27-40%] declared Intimate partner violence of any type; 21.9% only physical violence [CI 95% 16-27%], and 31.8% non-physical violence [CI 95% 26-38%]. Non-physical partner violence depends on being divorced or living in consensual union (32.4 and 28.2%, respectively p = 0.000), a nuclear family composition, (42.3% p = 0.041), or if the woman had an economic contribution to the family expenses of 100% (33.8% p = 0.001). Physical violence depended on being divorced (46.9% p = 0.000), families with children (89.8 p = 0.042), single-parent family (49% p = 0.000), women with no actual partner (42.9% p = 0.013), or if the woman had an economic contribution to the family expenses of 100% (38.8% p = 0.001). Conclusions: This is the first Latin American study that defines intimate partner violence in women with HIV in a time horizon, other studies in our continent found prevalence of violence in this women that go from 37.3 to 59.8% throughout life; our sample’s prevalence of 33.6% is similar to populations where the prevalence of HIV is higher than in our country. Intimate partner violence found in this study suggests that screening should be done in detecting violence as part of post-HIV counseling, and that violence should be addressed as a routine part of HIV care and treatment.