Artículos de revistas
Trichothecenes: Occurrence, Analytical And Toxicological Aspects [tricotecenos: Ocorrência, Aspectos Analíticos E Toxicológicos]
Registro en:
Revista Brasileira De Toxicologia. , v. 14, n. 1, p. 37 - 51, 2001.
14152983
2-s2.0-0035157621
Autor
Bannwart G.C.M.C.
Reyes F.G.R.
Institución
Resumen
Trichothecenes are a group of sesquiterpenoid mycotoxins, mainly produced by some species of Fusarium. They are generally found in cereals and derived products, in cold and wet regions. These compounds are associated with intoxications in humans and animals and are responsible for neurological disorders, effects in the gastrointestinal tract, haemorrhage and skin inflammations. The most known trichothecenes, which will be discussed in this paper, are nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol and T-2 toxin. 14 1 37 51 Abramson, D., Clear, R.M., Usleber, E., Gessler, R., Nowicki, T.W., Märtlbauer, E., Fusarium species and 8-keto-trichothecene mycotoxins in Manitoba barley (1998) Cereal Chemistry, 75 (1), pp. 137-141 Adak, G.K., Corry, J.E.L., Moss, M.O., Use of impedimetry to detect trichothecene mycotoxins. 1. Screen for susceptible microorganisms (1987) International Journal of Food Microbiology, 5 (1), pp. 1-13 Ali, N., Sardjono, Yamashita, A., Yoshizawa, T., Natural co-occurrence of alatoxins and Fusarium mycotoxins (fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone) in corn from Indonesia (1998) Food Additives and Contaminants, 15 (4), pp. 377-384 Barna-Vetró, I., Gyongyosi, A., Solti, L., Monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of Fusarium T-2 and zearalenone toxins in cereals (1994) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60 (2), pp. 729-731 Beasley, V.R., (1989) Trichothecene Mycotoxicosis: Pathophysiologic Effects, 1. , CRC Press, 175p Berger, U., Oehme, M., Kuhn, F., Quantitative determination and structure elucidation of type A- and B-trichothecenes by HPLC/ion trap multiple mass spectrometry (1999) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47 (10), pp. 4240-4245 Bhavanishankar, T.N., Santha, T., Natural occurrence of Fusarium toxins in peanut, sorghum and maize from Mysore (India) (1987) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 40, pp. 327-332 Birzele, B., Prange, A., Krämer, J., Deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A in German wheat and changes of level in relation to storage parameters (2000) Food Additives and Contaminants, 17 (12), pp. 1027-1035 Bullerman, L.B., Mycotoxins and food safety (1986) Food Technology, 40 (5), pp. 59-66 Casale, W.L., Pestka, J.J., Hart, L.P., Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing monoclonal antibody specific for deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and several analogues (1988) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 36 (3), pp. 663-668 Chatterjee, K., Visconti, A., Mirocha, C.J., Deepoxy T-2 tetraol: A metabolite of T-2 toxin found in cow urine (1986) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 34 (4), pp. 695-697 Chiba, J., Kawamura, O., Kajii, H., Ohtani, K., Nagayama, S., Ueno, Y., A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of T-2 toxin with monoclonal antibodies (1988) Food Additives and Contaminants, 5 (4), pp. 629-639 Chu, F.S., Li, G.Y., Simultaneous occurrence of fumonisin B1 and other mycotoxins in moldy corn collected from the people's republic of China in regions with high incidences of esophageal cancer (1994) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60 (3), pp. 847-852 Ciegler, A., Trichothecenes: Occurrence and toxicoses (1978) Journal of Food Protection, 41 (5), pp. 399-403 Corley, R.A., Swanson, S.P., Gullo, G.J., Beasley, V.R., Buck, W.B., Disposition of T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin, in intravascularly dosed swine (1986) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 34 (5), pp. 868-875 (1990) Selected Mycotoxins: Ochratoxins, Trichothecenes, Ergot, , World Health Organization, Geneva, 263p Ellison, R.A., Kotsonis, F.N., T-2 toxin as an emetic factor in moldy corn (1973) Applied Microbiology, 26 (4), pp. 540-543 Ellison, R.A., Kotsonis, F.N., In vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin (1974) Applied Microbiology, 27 (2), pp. 423-424 Eppley, R.M., Trichothecenes and their analysis (1979) Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 56 (9), pp. 824-829 Forsell, J.H., Witt, M.F., Tai, J.-H., Effects of 8-week exposure of the B6C3F1 mouse to dietary deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and zearalenone (1986) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 24 (3), pp. 213-219 Furlong, E.B., Soares, L.M.V., Gas chromatographic method for quantitation and confirmation of trichothecens in wheat (1995) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 78 (2), pp. 386-390 Furlong, E.B., Soares, L.M.V., Lasca, C.C., Kohara, E.Y., Mycotoxins and fungi in wheat stored in elevators in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (1995) Food Additives and Contaminants, 12 (5), pp. 683-688 Gilbert, J., Shepherd, M.J., Startin, J.R., A survey of the occurrence of the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) in UK grown barley and in imported maize by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1983) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 34 (1), pp. 86-92 Goodbrand, I.A., Stimson, W.H., Smith, J.E., A monoclonal antibody to T-2 toxin (1987) Letters in Applied Microbiology, 5 (5), pp. 97-99 Groves, F.D., Zhang, L., Chang, Y.S., Ross, P.F., Casper, H., Norred, W.E., You, W.C., Fraument, J.F.J., Fusarium mycotoxins in corn and corn products in a high-risk area for gastric cancer in Shandong Province, China (1999) Journal of AOAC International, 82 (3), pp. 657-662 Hack, R., Kaffler, U., Terplan, G., A monoclonal antibody to trichothecene mycotoxin diacetoxyscirpenol (1989) Letters in Applied Microbiology, 8 (2) Hayes, A.W., (1981) Mycotoxin teratogenicity and mutagenicity, p. 16. , CRC Press, 121p Hietaniemi, V., Kumpulainen, J., Contents of Fusarium toxins in finnish and imported grains and feeds (1991) Food Additives and Contaminants, 8 (2), pp. 171-182 Hunder, G., Schumann, K., Strugala, G., Gropp, J., Fichtl, B., Forth, W., Influence of subchronic exposure to low dietary deoxynivalenol a trichothecene mycotoxin, on intestinal absorption of nutrients in mice (1991) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 29 (12), pp. 809-811 (1993) IARC Monograph on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans. Some Naturally Occurring Substances: Food Items and Constituents, Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines and Mycotoxins, 56. , Lyon, France, 524p Kim, J.-C., Kang, H.-J., Lee, D.-H., Lee, Y.-W., Yoshizawa, T., Natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins (trichothecenes and zearalenone) in barley and corn in Korea (1993) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 59 (11), pp. 3798-3802 Lauren, D.R., Agnew, M.P., Multitoxin screening method for Fusarium mycotoxins in grains (1991) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 39 (3), pp. 502-507 Lauren, D.R., Agnew, M.P., Smith, W.A., Sayer, S.T., A survey of the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in cereals grown in New Zealand in 1986-1989 (1991) Food Additives and Contaminants, 8 (5), pp. 599-605 Lee, U.-S., Jang, H.-S., Tanaka, T., Hasegawa, A., Oh, Y.-G., Cho, C.-M., Sugiura, Y., Ueno, Y., Further survey on the Fusarium mycotoxins in Korean cereals (1986) Food Additives and Contaminants, 3 (3), pp. 253-261 Madhyastha, M.S., Marquardt, R.R., Frohlich, A.A., Borsa, J., Optimization of yeast bioassay for trichothecene mycotoxins (1994) Journal of Food Protection, 57 (6), pp. 490-495 Malone, B.R., Humphrey, C.W., Romer, T.R., Richard, J.L., One-step solid-phase extraction cleanup and fluorometric analysis of deoxynivalenol in grains (1998) Journal of AOAC International, 81 (2), pp. 448-452 Marochi, M.A., Soares, L.M.V., Metodologia para determinação de tricotecenos e zearalenona em grãos (1993) Boletim da Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 27 (1), pp. 1-8 Marochi, M.A., Soares, L.M.V., Furlani, R.P.Z., Testes confirmatórios para tricotecenos (1996) Revista do Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 56 (2), pp. 17-20 Mills, E.N.C., Johnston, J.M., Kemp, H.A., Morgan, M.R.A., An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diacetoxyscirpenol applied to the analysis of wheat (1988) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 42 (3), pp. 225-233 Mirocha, C.J., Trichothecenes, analytical method - Analysis of T-2 toxin and other trichothecenes in cereal grains (1982) IARC-Scientific Publications, 44, pp. 365-383 Mirocha, C.J., Pathre, S.V., Christensen, C.M., Mycotoxins (1980) Advances in Cereal Science and Technology, 3, pp. 159-225 Mirocha, C.J., Pathre, S.V., Schauerhamer, B., Christensen, C.M., Natural occurrence of Fusarium toxins in feedstuffs (1976) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 32, pp. 553-556 Moller, T.E., Gustavsson, H.F., Determination of type A and B trichothecenes in cereals by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (1992) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 75 (6), pp. 1049-1053 Molto, G., Samar, M.M., Resnik, S., Martínez, E.J., Pacin, A., Occurrence of trichothecenes in argentinean beer: A preliminary exposure assessment (2000) Food Additives and Contaminants, 17 (9), pp. 809-813 Nesheim, S., Wood, G.E., Regulatory aspects of mycotoxins in soybean and soybean products (1995) Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 72 (12), pp. 1421-1423 Onji, Y., Dohi, Y., Aoki, Y., Moryiama, T., Nagami, H., Uno, M., Tanaka, T., Yamazoe, Y., Deepoxynivalenol: A new metabolite of nivalenol found in the excreta of orally administered rats (1989) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 37 (2), pp. 478-481 Osborne, B.G., Willis, K.H., Studies into the occurrence of some trichothecene mycotoxins in UK home-grown wheat and in imported wheat (1984) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 35 (5), pp. 579-583 Pareles, S.R., Collins, G.J., Rosen, J.D., Analysis of T-2 toxin (and HT-2 toxin) by mass fragmentography (1976) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 24 (4), pp. 872-875 Parent-Massin, D., Thouvenot, D., In vitro toxicity of trichothecenes on rat haematopoietic progenitors (1995) Food Additives and Contaminants, 12 (1), pp. 41-49 Pathre, S.V., Mirocha, C.J., Trichothecenes: Natural occurrence and potential hazard (1979) Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 56 (9), pp. 820-823 Pestka, J.J., Dong, W., Warner, R.L., Rasooly, L., Bondy, G.S., Effect of dietary administration of the trichothecene vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) on IgA and IgG secretion by peyer's patch and splenic lymphocytes (1990) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 28 (10), pp. 693-699 Pestka, J.J., Dong, W., Warner, R.L., Rasooly, L., Bondy, G.S., Brooks, K.H., Elevated membrane IgA+ and CD4+ (T helper) populations in murine peyer's patch and splenic lymphocytes during dietary administration of the trichothecene vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (1990) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 28 (6), pp. 409-420 Pestka, J.J., Moorman, M.A., Warner, R.L., Dysregulation of IgA production and IgA nephropathy induced by the trichothecene vomitoxin (1989) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 27 (6), pp. 361-368 Pestka, J.J., Yan, D., Kings, L.E., Flow cytometric analysis of the effects of in vitro exposure to vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) on apoptosis in murine T, B and IgA+ cells (1994) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 32 (12), pp. 1125-1136 Pettersson, H., Hedman, R., Engstrom, B., Elwinger, K., Fossum, O., Nivalenol in Swedish cereals - Occurrence, production and toxicity towards chickens (1995) Food Additives and Contaminants, 12 (3), pp. 373-376 Quiroga, N., Resnik, S., Pacin, A., Martínez, E., Pagano, A., Riccobene, I., Neira, S., Natural occurrence of trichothecene and zearalenone in Argentine wheat (1995) Food Control, 6 (4), pp. 201-204 Ramakrishna, Y., Bhat, R.V., Vasanthi, S., Natural ocurrence of mycotoxins in staple foods in India (1990) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 38 (9), pp. 1857-1859 Richardson, K.E., Hagler, W.M.J., Haney, C.A., Hamilton, P.B., Zearalenone and trichothecene production in soybeans by toxigenic Fusarium (1985) Journal of Food Protection, 48 (3), pp. 240-243 Robison, T., Mirocha, C.J., Kurtz, H.J., Behrens, J.C., Chi, M.S., Weaver, G.A., Nystrom, S.D., Transmission of T-2 toxin into bovine and porcine milk (1979) Journal of Dairy Science, 62 (4), pp. 637-641 Ryu, D., Bullerman, L.B., Effect of cycling temperatures on the production of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone by Fusarium graminearum NRRL 5883 (1999) Journal of Food Protection, 62 (12), pp. 1451-1455 Sabino, M., Ichikawa, A.H., Inomata, E.I., Lamardo, L.C.A., Determinação de deoxinivalenol em trigo e milho em grão por cromatografia em camada delgada (1989) Revista do Insituto adolfo Lutz, 49 (2), pp. 155-159 Sakamoto, T., Swanson, S.P., Yoshizawa, T., Buck, W.B., Structures of new metabolites of diacetoxyscirpenol in the excreta of orally administered rats (1986) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 34 (4), pp. 698-701 Scott, P.M., Effects of food processing on mycotoxins (1984) Journal of Food Protection, 47 (6), pp. 489-499 Scott, P.M., Mycotoxins (1990) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 73 (1), pp. 98-105 Scott, P.M., Mycotoxins in feeds and ingredients and their origin (1978) Journal of Food Protection, 41 (5), pp. 385-398 Scott, P.M., Lombaert, G.A., Pellaers, P., Bacler, S., Kanhere, S.R., Sun, W.F., Lau, P.-Y., Weber, D., Application of capillary gas chromatography to a survey of wheat for five trichothecenes (1989) Food Additives and Contaminants, 6 (4), pp. 489-500 Sharma, R.P., Kim, Y.W., Trichothecenes (1991) Mycotoxins and Phytoalexins, pp. 339-359. , SHARMA, R.P. e SALUNKHE, D.K. CRC Press Snyder, A.P., Qualitative, quantitative and technological aspects of the trichothecene mycotoxins (1986) Journal of Food Protection, 49 (7), pp. 544-569 Sohn, H.B., Seo, J.A., Lee, Y.W., Co-occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in mouldy and healthy corn from Korea (1999) Food Additives and Contaminants, 16 (4), pp. 153-158 Stockli, D.M.T., Mariñez, R.I.S., Rocha, M.O.C., Pedersen, J.R., Comparison of the distribution and occurrence of Fusarium graminearium and deoxynivalenol in hard red winter wheat for 1993-1996 (1998) Cereal Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 841-846 Sweeney, M.J., Dobson, A.D.W., Mycotoxin production by Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicilium species (1998) International Journal of Food Microbiology, 43, pp. 141-158 Sydenham, E.W., Thiel, P.G., The simultaneous determination of diacetoxyscirpenol and T-2 toxin in fungal cultures and grain samples by capillary gas chromatography (1987) Food Additives and Contaminants, 4 (3), pp. 277-284 Sydenham, E.W., Thiel, P.G., Marasas, W.F.O., Nieuwenhuis, J.J., Occurrence of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol in Fusarium graminearum infected undergrade wheat in South Africa (1989) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 37 (4), pp. 921-926 Thuvander, A., Wikman, C., Gadhasson, I., In vitro exposure of human lymphocytes to trichothecenes: Individual variation in sensitivity and effects of combined exposure on lymphocyte function (1999) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 37 (6), pp. 639-648 Tkachuk, R., Dexter, J.E., Tipples, K.H., Nowicki, T.W., Removal by specific gravity table of tombstone kernels and associated trichothecenes from wheat infected with Fusarium head blight (1991) Cereal Chemistry, 68 (4), pp. 428-431 Trucksess, M.W., Mycotoxins (1998) Journal of AOAC International, 81 (1), pp. 128-137 Trucksess, M.W., Mycotoxins (1999) Journal of AOAC International, 82 (2), pp. 488-495 Trucksess, M.W., Flood, M.T., Mossoba, M.M., Page, S.W., High-performance thin layer chromatographic determination of deoxynivalenol, fusarenon-x, and nivalenol in barley, corn, and wheat (1987) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 35 (4), pp. 445-448 Ueno, Y., Diet/toxin interactions (1993) Food Additives and Contaminants, 10 (1), pp. 145-156 Ueno, Y., Trichothecenes - Chemical, biological and toxicological aspects (1983) Developments in Food Science, 4 Visconti, A., Mirocha, C.J., Identification of various T-2 toxin metabolites in chicken excreta and tissues (1985) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 49 (5), pp. 1246-1250 Walker, F., Meier, B., Determination of the Fusarium mycotoxins nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and 15-O-acetyl-4-deoxynivalenol in contaminated whole wheat flour by liquid chromatography with diode array detection and gas chromatography with electron capture detection (1998) Journal of AOAC International, 81 (4), pp. 741-748 Warner, R.L., Brooks, K., Pestka, J.J., In vitro effects of vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) on T-cell interleukin production and IgA secretion (1994) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 32 (7), pp. 617-625 Wetter, M.T., Trucksess, M.W., Roach, J.A., Bean, G.A., Occurrence and distribution of Fusarium graminearium and deoxynivalenol in sweet corn ears (1999) Food Additives and Contaminants, 16 (3), pp. 119-124 Wong, S.S., Zhou, H.R., Marin-Martinez, M.L., Brooks, K., Pestka, J.J., Modulation of IL-1?, IL-6 and TNF-? secretion and m-RNA expression by the trichothecene vomitoxin in the raw 264.7 murine macrophage cell line (1998) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 36 (5), pp. 409-419 Wreford, B.J., Shaw, K.J., Analysis of deoxynivalenol as its trifluoroacetyl ester by gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry (1987) Food Additives and Contaminants, 5 (2), pp. 141-147 Yan, D., Rumbeiha, W.K., Pestka, J.J., Experimental murine IgA nephropathy following passive administration of vomitoxin-induced IgA monoclonal antibodies (1998) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 36 (12), pp. 1095-1106 Yoshizawa, T., Jin, Y.-Z., Natural occurrence of acetylated derivatives of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol in wheat and barley in Japan (1995) Food Additives and Contaminants, 12 (5), pp. 689-694 Yoshizawa, T., Sakamoto, T., Ayano, Y., Mirocha, C.J., 3′-hydroxy T-2 and 3′-hydroxy HT-2 toxins: New metabolites of T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin, in animals (1982) Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 46 (10), pp. 2613-2615 Yoshizawa, T., Swanson, S.P., Mirocha, C.J., T-2 metabolites in the excreta of broiler chickens administered H-labeled T-2 toxin (1980) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 39 (6), pp. 1172-1177 Yoshizawa, T., Takeda, H., Ohi, T., Structure of a novel metabolite from deoxynivalenol, a trochothecene mycotoxin, in animals (1983) Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 49 (9), pp. 2133-2135 Yoshizawa, T., Yamashita, A., Luo, Y., Fumonisin occurrence in corn from high- and low-risk areas for human esophageal cancer in China (1994) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60 (5), pp. 1626-1629