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The 3D geometry of active region upflows deduced from their limb-to-limb evolution
(Springer, 2013-04)
We analyze the evolution of coronal plasma upflows from the edges of AR 10978, which has the best limb-to-limb data coverage with Hinode’s EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS). We find that the observed evolution is largely due ...
Repeated modification of early limb morphogenesis programmes underlies the convergence of relative limb length in Anolis lizards
The independent evolution of similar morphologies has long been a subject of considerable interest to biologists. Does phenotypic convergence reflect the primacy of natural selection, or does development set the course of ...
Morphological Variation in Anuran Limbs: Constraints and Novelties
(Wiley-liss, Div John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2017-09)
Anurans have three primary types of locomotion: walking, jumping, and swimming. Additionally, they may dig, climb, grasp, etc. All adult anurans have four limbs, with four fingers on the hands and five toes on the feet. ...
Musculoskeletal anatomical changes that accompany limb reduction in lizards
(Wiley, 2015-08)
Muscles, bones, and tendons in the adult tetrapod limb are intimately integrated, both spatially and functionally. However, muscle and bone evolution do not always occur hand in hand. We asked, how does the loss of limb ...
Evolution of digit identity in the three-toed Italian skink Chalcides chalcides: a new case of digit identity frame shift
(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2009-11)
Digit identity in the avian wing is a classical
example of conflicting anatomical and embryological evidence
regarding digit homology. Anatomical in conjunction with
phylogenetic evidence supports the hypothesis that ...
No evidence for parallel evolution of cursorial limb adaptations among Neogene South American native ungulates (SANUs)
(Public Library of Science, 2021-08)
During the Neogene, many North American ungulates evolved longer limbs. Presumably, this allowed them to move more efficiently or quickly in open habitats, which became more common during this interval. Evidence suggests ...
Limb development in vertebrates Desarrollo de los miembros en los vertebrados
(2012)
Members of vertebrates are complex structures with three lines to consider, proximal-distal, anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral. The battery of genes involved in the formation of these structures is well conserved in ...