Urban ecosystems perform a distinctive metabolism appropriating fundamental materials and energy resources from other ecosystems. This appropriation enables a productive circularity which sustains the material production ...

People can be the causative agents of introducing new animal or plantspecies, which may demonstrate invasive behaviors and produce signifi cant changesin the dynamics of the urban ecosystem. Therefore, landscape humanization ...

This study aimed to assess the impacts of composted sewage sludge and steel mill slag on urban soil fertility and tree growth. The research was conducted in an urban area (Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil) characterised ...

The internal temperature of nests largely depends on the materials used in their construction because the characteristics of each material affect the isolation of nest walls. In urban environments, the availability of natural ...

The materials which compose the urban areas absorb solar and infrared radiation and the accumulated heat is dissipated to the atmosphere. This means that the urban envelope plays a key role in the reduction of heat gains ...