On the basis of the strict exclusion of the vis vitalis, the demand was raised by Carl Ludwig, Helmholtz, Du Bois-Reymond, and Brucke for a physiology which was causal-analytical and physically and chemically experimental. ...

This is the third and last article of a series devoted to Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig's outstanding life (29 December 1816–23 April 1895). The first article portrayed him as a bioengineer [1] and the second as a physiologist ...

Cytoplasmic calcium [(Ca(2+))cyt] is a central component of cellular signal transduction pathways. In plants, many external and internal stimuli transiently elevate (Ca(2+))cyt, initiating downstream responses that control ...

The thought reproduced in the above epigraph is taken from an article by Thurau et al. [1], who attribute it to Arthur Schopenhauer (17881860), an outstanding philosopher and author of the far-reaching piece Die Welt als ...

Previous findings established that ER-bound PTP1B targets peripheral cell-matrix adhesions and positively regulates cell adhesion to fibronectin. Here we show that PTP1B enhances focal complex lifetime at the lamellipodium ...