An individual-based model for estimating the energetic costs in Rhea americana was developed considering their sexual and seasonal differences in the behavioral activities. The model includes as variables the individual’s ...

Introduction and Aims: The BEC (Basal Energy Cost /GEB) is the energy used by every cell in the human body for the maintenance of its operation. The Energy Expenditure with Physical Activities (GAF), added to the GEB and ...

For subterranean rodents, searching for food by extension of the tunnel system and maintenance of body temperature are two of the most important factors affecting their life underground. In this study we assess the effect ...

The acute phase response (APR) is the first line of defense of the vertebrate immune system against pathogens. Mounting an immune response is believed to be energetically costly but direct measures of metabolic rate during ...

Lizard tail autotomy is considered an efficient anti-predator strategy that allows animals to escape from a predator attack. However, since the tail also is involved in many alternative functions, tailless animals must ...