ETF como alternativa de inversión del ahorro pensional en Colombia

Abstract

The general pension system in Colombia has not guaranteed the protection of the elderly and has favored the gaps of economic inequality in the population during old age. The increase in life expectancy added to the fall in birth rates weakens its sustainability. Given that the returns in real terms that private pension funds have obtained are not enough to compensate for management costs, it is proposed as an alternative for saving for old age that Colombians invest through the Colombian Stock Exchange in the CSPX ETF. With the Markowitz model, the frontier of efficient portfolios is built, made up of the CSPX ETF and the 10-year Colombian State TES indexed to the Real Value Unit. By selecting efficient portfolios that are equivalent in risk to each of the different types of mandatory pension funds, it is concluded that these portfolios would create a higher real return net of commissions and insurance in the long term, which provides greater economic protection for old age.