Reducing violence by transforming neighborhoods: a natural experiment in Medellín, Colombia

dc.creatorCerdá, Magdalena
dc.creatorMorenoff, Jeffrey David
dc.creatorHansen, Ben B.
dc.creatorTessari Hicks, Kimberly J.
dc.creatorDuque Ramírez, Luis Fernando
dc.creatorRestrepo Henao, Alexandra
dc.creatorDiez Roux, Ana Victoria
dc.date2023-07-25T02:22:33Z
dc.date2023-07-25T02:22:33Z
dc.date2012
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-23T14:19:10Z
dc.date.available2024-04-23T14:19:10Z
dc.identifierCerdá M, Morenoff JD, Hansen BB, Tessari Hicks KJ, Duque LF, Restrepo A, Diez-Roux AV. Reducing violence by transforming neighborhoods: a natural experiment in Medellín, Colombia. Am J Epidemiol. 2012 May 15;175(10):1045-53. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr428. Epub 2012 Apr 2
dc.identifier0002-9262
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10495/36000
dc.identifier10.1093/aje/kwr428
dc.identifier1476-6256
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/9229488
dc.descriptionABSTRACT: Neighborhood-level interventions provide an opportunity to better understand the impact that neighborhoods have on health. In 2004, municipal authorities in Medellín, Colombia, built a public transit system to connect isolated low-income neighborhoods to the city's urban center. Transit-oriented development was accompanied by municipal investment in neighborhood infrastructure. In this study, the authors examined the effects of this exogenous change in the built environment on violence. Neighborhood conditions and violence were assessed in intervention neighborhoods (n = 25) and comparable control neighborhoods (n = 23) before (2003) and after (2008) completion of the transit project, using a longitudinal sample of 466 residents and homicide records from the Office of the Public Prosecutor. Baseline differences between these groups were of the same magnitude as random assignment of neighborhoods would have generated, and differences that remained after propensity score matching closely resembled imbalances produced by paired randomization. Permutation tests were used to estimate differential change in the outcomes of interest in intervention neighborhoods versus control neighborhoods. The decline in the homicide rate was 66% greater in intervention neighborhoods than in control neighborhoods (rate ratio = 0.33, 95% confidence interval: 0.18, 0.61), and resident reports of violence decreased 75% more in intervention neighborhoods (odds ratio = 0.25, 95% confidence interval 0.11, 0.67). These results show that interventions in neighborhood physical infrastructure can reduce violence.
dc.descriptionCOL0004362
dc.format9
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherOxford University Press
dc.publisherEpidemiología
dc.publisherBaltimore, Estados Unidos
dc.relationAm. J. Epidemiol.
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/co/
dc.rightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectDesarrollo Económico
dc.subjectEconomic Development
dc.subjectEstudios de Seguimiento
dc.subjectFollow-Up Studies
dc.subjectCaracterísticas del Vecindario
dc.subjectNeighborhood Characteristics
dc.subjectViolencia - prevención y control
dc.subjectViolence - prevention and control
dc.subjectHomicidio - prevención y control
dc.subjectHomicide - prevention and control
dc.subjectEncuestas Epidemiológicas
dc.subjectHealth Surveys
dc.subjectÁreas de Pobreza
dc.subjectPoverty Areas
dc.subjectCaracterísticas de la Residencia
dc.subjectResidence Characteristics
dc.titleReducing violence by transforming neighborhoods: a natural experiment in Medellín, Colombia
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.typehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.typehttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.typeArtículo de investigación


Este ítem pertenece a la siguiente institución