Effect of vehicular traffic, remote sources and new particle formation on the activation properties of cloud condensation nuclei in the megacity of S??o Paulo, Brazil

dc.creatorSOUTO-OLIVEIRA, CARLOS E.
dc.creatorANDRADE, MARIA de F.
dc.creatorKUMAR, PRASHANT
dc.creatorLOPES, FABIO J. da S.
dc.creatorBABINSKI, MARLY
dc.creatorLANDULFO, EDUARDO
dc.date2016
dc.date2017-01-06T16:00:55Z
dc.date2017-01-06T16:00:55Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-28T13:32:04Z
dc.date.available2023-09-28T13:32:04Z
dc.identifier1680-7316
dc.identifierhttp://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/26972
dc.identifier16
dc.identifier10.5194/acp-16-14635-2016
dc.identifier95.882
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8997260
dc.descriptionAtmospheric aerosol is the primary source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The microphysics and chemical composition of aerosols can affect cloud development and the precipitation process. Among studies conducted in Latin America, only a handful have reported the impact of urban aerosol on CCN activation parameters such as activation ratio (AR) and activation diameter (D-act). With over 20 million inhabitants, the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo (MASP) is the largest megacity in South America. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the impact that remote sources and new particle formation (NPF) events have on CCN activation properties in a South American megacity. The measurements were conducted in the MASP between August and September 2014. We measured the CCN within the 0.2-1.0% range of supersaturation, together with particle number concentration (PNC) and particle number distribution (PND), as well as trace-element concentrations and black carbon (BC). NPF events were identified on 35% of the sampling days. Combining multivariate analysis in the form of positive matrix factorization (PMF) with an aerosol profile from lidar and HYSPLIT model analyses allowed us to identify the main contribution of vehicular traffic on all days and sea salt and biomass burning from remote regions on 28 and 21% of the sampling days, respectively. The AR and D-act parameters showed distinct patterns for daytime with intense vehicular traffic and nighttime periods. For example, CCN activation was lower during the daytime than during the nighttime periods, a pattern that was found to be associated mainly with local road-traffic emissions. A decrease in CCN activation was observed on the NPF event days, mainly due to high concentrations of particles with smaller diameters. We also found that aerosols from sea salt, industrial emissions, and biomass burning had minor effects on D-act. For example, nights with biomass burning and vehicular emissions showed slightly lower CCN activation properties than sea-salt, industrial and non-event nights. Our results show that particulate matter from local vehicular emissions during the daytime has a greater effect on CCN activation parameters than that from remote sources.
dc.format14635-14656
dc.relationAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
dc.rightsopenAccess
dc.subjectclouds
dc.subjectbrazil
dc.subjectgeography
dc.subjectmeteorology
dc.subjectcondensation nuclei
dc.subjectelements
dc.subjecttrace amounts
dc.subjectgases
dc.subjectultraviolet radiation
dc.subjectoptical radar
dc.subjectatmospheric chemistry
dc.titleEffect of vehicular traffic, remote sources and new particle formation on the activation properties of cloud condensation nuclei in the megacity of S??o Paulo, Brazil
dc.typeArtigo de peri??dico
dc.coverageI


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