COVID-19 mortality in Brazil, 2020-21: consequences of the pandemic inadequate management

dc.creatorSzwarcwald, Célia Landmann
dc.creatorBoccolini, Cristiano Siqueira
dc.creatorAlmeida, Wanessa da Silva de
dc.creatorSoares Filho, Adauto Martins
dc.creatorMalta, Deborah Carvalho
dc.date2023-01-05T00:20:51Z
dc.date2023-01-05T00:20:51Z
dc.date2022
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-26T20:37:18Z
dc.date.available2023-09-26T20:37:18Z
dc.identifierSZWARCWALD, Célia Landmann et al. COVID-19 mortality in Brazil, 2020-21: consequences of the pandemic inadequate management. Archives of Public Health, v. 80, p. 1-9, 2022.
dc.identifier2049-3258
dc.identifierhttps://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/56328
dc.identifier10.1186/s13690-022-01012-z
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8860743
dc.descriptionBill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Nacional Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [Grant ID INV 027961]. FIOCRUZ program to foster innovation – Knowledge generation – Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic – Strategic orders [VPPCB-005-FIO-20-2-23].
dc.descriptionBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic brought countless challenges to public health and highlighted the Brazilian health system vulnerabilities in facing the emergency. In this article, we analyze data on COVID-19-related deaths in 2020-21 to show the epidemic consequences in Brazil. Methods: The Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System were the primary information sources. We used population estimates in 2020-21 to calculate COVID-19 specific mortality rates by age, sex, and educational level. Considering the total number of COVID-19 deaths in 2020-21, the COVID-19 proportional mortality (%) was estimated for each age group and sex. A graph of the daily number of deaths from January 2020 to December 2021 by sex was elaborated to show the temporal evolution of COVID-19 deaths in Brazil. In addition, four indicators related to COVID-19 mortality were estimated: infant mortality rate (IMR); maternal mortality ratio (MMR); number and rate of orphans due to mother’s COVID-19 death; the average number of years lost. Results: The overall COVID-19 mortality rate was 14.8 (/10,000). The mortality rates increase with age and show a decreasing gradient with higher schooling. The rate among illiterate people was 38.8/10,000, three times higher than a college education. Male mortality was 31% higher than female mortality. COVID-19 deaths represented 19.1% of all deaths, with the highest proportions in the age group of 40-59 years. The average number of years lost due to COVID- 19 was 19 years. The MMR due to COVID-19 was 35.7 per 100,000 live births (LB), representing 37.4% of the overall MMR. Regarding the number of orphans due to COVID-19, we estimated that 40,830 children under 18 lost their mothers during the epidemic, with an orphans’ rate of 7.5/10,000 children aged 0-17 years. The IMR was 11.7 per 1000 LB, with 0.2 caused by COVID-19. The peak of COVID-19 deaths occurred in March 2021, reaching almost 4000 COVID-19 deaths per day, higher than the average number of deaths per day from all causes in 2019. Conclusions: The delay in adopting public health measures necessary to control the epidemic has exacerbated the spread of the disease, resulting in several avoidable deaths.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherBMC
dc.rightsopen access
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectMortality
dc.subjectMaternal mortality
dc.subjectNumber of years lost
dc.subjectOrphanhood
dc.subjectEpidemic denial
dc.subjectVaccination
dc.titleCOVID-19 mortality in Brazil, 2020-21: consequences of the pandemic inadequate management
dc.typeArticle


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