Caracterización de bacterias aisladas de la rizosfera de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) asociadas a la promoción de crecimiento vegetal y protección contra estrés hídrico

dc.contributorBernal Giraldo, Adriana Jimena
dc.contributorBarrera Garzón, Claudia Camila
dc.contributorLIMMA
dc.creatorRacedo Pulido, Camilo
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-04T20:49:22Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-07T00:12:50Z
dc.date.available2023-08-04T20:49:22Z
dc.date.available2023-09-07T00:12:50Z
dc.date.created2023-08-04T20:49:22Z
dc.date.issued2023-08-03
dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/1992/69282
dc.identifierinstname:Universidad de los Andes
dc.identifierreponame:Repositorio Institucional Séneca
dc.identifierrepourl:https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8727194
dc.description.abstractA medida que avanza la sociedad y esta continúa creciendo se hace cada vez más presente la necesidad de satisfacer los requerimientos alimenticios de la población global. Tradicionalmente esto ha sido posible mediante el uso de programas de mejoramiento, junto con el uso de fertilizantes, pesticidas y otros agroquímicos, sin embargo, este acercamiento genera efectos adversos en el medio ambiente como lixiviación, contaminación, eutrofización, etc. Por esta razón, una alternativa que se ha evaluado para favorecer el crecimiento y producción de sistemas agrícolas se basa en el uso de bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (PGPB), las cuales funcionan como biofertilizantes, fitoestimuladores, biocontroladores o biorremediadores, siendo una alternativa sostenible para aumentar la producción agrícola. Para este proyecto de tesis se evaluó el potencial de 184 bacterias pertenecientes a la colección del Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares de Microorganismos en Agricultura (LIMMA) para promover crecimiento vegetal y aliviar estrés hídrico por medio de pruebas bioquímicas. Para esto, se analizó la capacidad de las bacterias para producir ácido indol-3-ácetico (IAA), producir sideróforos, solubilizar fosfato, crecer en medio libre de nitrógeno, producir ácido 1-aminociclopropano-1-carboxílico desaminasa (ACCD) y producir exopolisacáridos. Adicionalmente se hizo una amplificación del gen nifH para las bacterias que presentaban crecimiento en medio libre de N y se secuenció el gen 16S para las bacterias con una mayor cantidad de pruebas positivas. Finalmente, se realizaron ensayos in vitro utilizando Arabidopsis thaliana como un primer acercamiento a promoción de crecimiento en modelos vegetales. Se encontró que la mayoría de las bacterias aisladas producían IAA, sideróforos y solubilizaban fosfatos, mientras que la producción de ACCD y fijación de nitrógeno fueron las características encontradas en menor proporción. Además, en los ensayos realizados en Arabidopsis se logró encontrar una bacteria que promovía crecimiento por lo cual debería ser considerada para estudios futuros como una PGPB. Sin embargo, se deben realizar ensayos en ambientes con condiciones más reales y con diferentes plantas para caracterizar la capacidad de esta bacteria como PGPB.
dc.description.abstractAs society advances and continues growing, the need for global food safety is becoming more and more evident. Traditionally, this has been achieved by the implementations of crop improvement programs with concomitant use of fertilizers, pesticides, and other agrochemicals, but the use of these products generates negative effects on the environment such as lixiviation, pollution, eutrophication, etc. For this reason, an alternative that has been evaluated to enhance plant growth and yield is the use of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), which have been shown to function as biofertilizers, phytostimulants, biocontrollers or biorremediators, as an alternative for increasing agricultural yield. For this thesis project the ability as plant growth promoters and the capacity to alleviate water stress was tested for 184 bacteria belonging to the collection of the Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares de Microorganismos en Agricultura (LIMMA) using biochemical tests. The capability to produce indole 3 acetic acid (IAA) was evaluated, as well as siderophores production, phosphate solubilization, growth on nitrogen free medium, 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase production and exopolysaccharides production. Additionally, for bacteria which grew on N free medium the nifH gen was amplified and the bacteria with the highest amount of positive test the 16S gen was sequenced. Finally, in vitro tests were performed using Arabidopsis thaliana as a first approach for testing growth promotion in plant models. The results showed that most of the bacteria analyzed could produce IAA, siderophores and solubilize phosphate; meanwhile, nitrogen fixation and the production of ACCD were found in lower proportions. Additionally, the Arabidopsis assays showed that one bacteria had the capacity to promote growth at least in this plant model and should be studied more as a PGPB. Nevertheless, it is important to do more tests implementing real growth conditions and with different plant models to further evaluate the capacity of this bacteria as a PGPB.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad de los Andes
dc.publisherMicrobiología
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisherDepartamento de Ciencias Biológicas
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dc.rightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.titleCaracterización de bacterias aisladas de la rizosfera de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) asociadas a la promoción de crecimiento vegetal y protección contra estrés hídrico
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado


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