Diversidad de ostrácodos de la Laguna del Atolón de Serrana (Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia) y su posible relación con los cambios climáticos de los últimos -400 años

dc.contributorSalazar-Ríos, Andrés
dc.creatorBernal-Garzón, Laura
dc.date2021-08-31T15:32:37Z
dc.date2021-08-31T15:32:37Z
dc.date2021-08-27
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-06T18:19:26Z
dc.date.available2023-09-06T18:19:26Z
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/17097
dc.identifierUniversidad de Caldas
dc.identifierRepositorio institucional Universidad de Caldas
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8695417
dc.descriptionIlustraciones, mapas, gráficas
dc.descriptionspa: Los ostrácodos son crustáceos microscópicos con un caparazón bivalvo calcídico que fosiliza con facilidad, lo que los convierte en uno de los microfósiles calcáreos más comunes. A pesar de que son ampliamente usados como indicadores (paleo)ambientales y (paleo)climáticos, los estudios en Colombia son muy limitados con respecto a otros grupos de microfauna calcárea y orgánica. Siendo los ostrácodos un componente común de la microfauna arrecifal, su conocimiento en estos ecosistemas en el Caribe colombiano es prácticamente nulo, limitado a algunos reportes aislados, y donde la taxonomía rara vez llega a nivel de especie, a pesar de que el país tiene una reserva de biósfera arrecifal declarada por la UNESCO (en el Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia). En esta investigación se realiza por primera vez un trabajo sistemático de los ostrácodos de 21 muestras distribuidas a lo largo de un núcleo de sedimento de 80 cm en la laguna del Atolón de Serrana, al noreste del Archipiélago de San Andrés. La preservación del material es excelente y las características tafonómicas del registro sugieren que los microfósiles no tuvieron un retrabajamiento importante. El análisis sistemático permitió identificar 67 especies desconocidas hasta ahora en el archipiélago, la mayoría de ellas ampliamente registradas en el Caribe. En contraste, otras especies tienen afinidad del Indo-Pacífico (interpretadas aquí como colonizadores del corredor marino de América Central, establecidas en Serrana antes del Cierre del Istmo de Panamá), mientras que otras son nativas de la plataforma oriental de Suramérica (posiblemente transportadas por corrientes marinas superficiales hacia el Caribe), y en algunos casos hay especies pandémicas, distribuidas globalmente en los trópicos (inferidas en la literatura como transportadas por medios antrópicos). 6 La presencia de Kotoracythere inconspicua en el Caribe ha sido interpretada como introducida por las embarcaciones europeas desde África a partir del siglo XVI. Su presencia cerca de la base del núcleo sugiere una edad máxima de depositación del año ~1600 e.c. Asumiendo esta edad y una tasa de sedimentación constante, y a la espera de datos cronológicos ulteriores (14 C o 210Pb/137Cs) que lo confirmen, las abundancias, diversidad y biozonación de ostrácodos en el núcleo parecen tener una correlación con el clima (temperatura superficial o salinidad), exhibiendo patrones característicos para la fase tardía de la Pequeña Edad de Hielo (~1600-1850 e.c.) y para el Periodo Industrial (~1850 e.c. – Reciente). Nuestros resultados están en consonancia con estudios recientes en el Caribe que sugieren cambios en las asociaciones de la microfauna como respuesta a cambios climáticos a escala centenal. Este estudio permitió la publicación de un renombramiento de una especie de ostrácodo en el Eoceno de Jamaica, Paracytheridea pucketti nom. nov
dc.descriptioneng: Ostracods are microscopic crustaceans with a calcitic bivalve shell that fossilizes easily, making them one of the most common calcareous microfossils. Although they are widely used as (paleo)environmental and (paleo)climatic indicators, studies in Colombia are very limited with respect to other groups of calcareous and organic microfauna. Being ostracods a common component of the reef microfauna, their knowledge in these ecosystems in the Colombian Caribbean is practically null, limited to some isolated reports, and where taxonomy rarely reaches the species level, despite the fact that the country has a reef biosphere reserve declared by UNESCO (in the Archipelago of San Andres and Providencia). This research is the first systematic study of ostracods from 21 samples distributed along an 80 cm sediment core in the lagoon of Serrana Atoll, northeast of the San Andres Archipelago. The preservation of the material is excellent and the taphonomic characteristics of the record suggest that the microfossils did not undergo significant reworking. Systematic analysis identified 67 species previously unknown in the archipelago, most of them widely recorded in the Caribbean. In contrast, the remaining species have Indo-Pacific affinity (interpreted here as colonizers of the Central American marine corridor, established in Serrana before the Isthmus of Panama Closure), while others are native to the eastern shelf of South America (possibly transported by surface marine currents to the Caribbean), and in some cases there are pandemic species, globally distributed in the tropics (inferred in the literature as transported by anthropogenic means). The presence of Kotoracythere inconspicua in the Caribbean has been interpreted as introduced by European ships from Africa from the 16th century onwards. Its presence near the base of the core suggests a maximum depositional age of ~1600 CE. Assuming this age and a constant 8 sedimentation rate, and pending further chronological data (14 C or 210Pb/137Cs) to confirm this, ostracod abundances, diversity and biozonation in the core appear to correlate with climate (surface temperature or salinity), exhibiting characteristic patterns for the late phase of Little Ice Age (~1600-1850 CE) and for the Industrial Period (~1850 CE - Recent). Our results are in line with recent studies in the Caribbean that suggest changes in microfaunal associations in response to centennial-scale climatic changes in the late Holocene. This study made it possible to the publication of a renaming of an ostracod species in the Eoceno of Jamaica, Paracytheridea Pucketti, nom. nov.
dc.description1. Introducción / 2. Objetivos/ 3. Marco geológico/.1 Marco tectónico/3.2 Atolón de Serrana/3.3 Contexto climático del Caribe en los últimos 1000 años/ 4. Metodología / 5. Resultados/ 5.1. Recobro, preservación e indicadores in situ/ 5.3. Abundancia y patrones de biodiversidad de los ostrácodos/ 5.3.1 Abundancia y biozonamiento/ 5.3.2 Patrones de diversidad/ 6. Discusión/ 6.1 Recobro, preservación e indicadores in situ/ 6.2 Sistemática e implicaciones geográficas y ecológicas/ 6.3. Modelo de edad / 6.4. Implicaciones de la zonación con los patrones de abundancia e índices de biodiversidad / 6.5. ¿Responden los ostrácodos a los cambios climáticos del último milenio? / 7 Conclusiones/8. Recomendaciones/Referencias/ Planchas.
dc.descriptionUniversitario
dc.descriptionGeólogo(a)
dc.descriptionMicropaleontología
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dc.languageeng
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
dc.publisherManizales
dc.publisherGeología
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dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subjectCrustáceos
dc.subjectClima
dc.subjectOstracoda
dc.subjectCambio climático
dc.subjectArchipiélago de San Andrés
dc.subjectCaribe
dc.subjectHoloceno
dc.titleDiversidad de ostrácodos de la Laguna del Atolón de Serrana (Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia) y su posible relación con los cambios climáticos de los últimos -400 años
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.typehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.typeText
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.typehttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion


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