dc.contributor | Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth | |
dc.contributor | Simon Fraser Univ | |
dc.contributor | Univ Toronto | |
dc.contributor | Parnassia Addict Res Ctr | |
dc.contributor | Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) | |
dc.contributor | Fed Univ Brasilia | |
dc.contributor | British Columbia Ctr Dis Control | |
dc.contributor | Univ British Columbia | |
dc.contributor | BC Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS | |
dc.creator | Fischer, Benedikt | |
dc.creator | Blanken, Peter | |
dc.creator | Da Silveira, Dartiu [UNIFESP] | |
dc.creator | Gallassi, Andrea | |
dc.creator | Goldner, Elliot M. | |
dc.creator | Rehm, Juergen | |
dc.creator | Tyndall, Mark | |
dc.creator | Wood, Evan | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-01-24T14:40:19Z | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-09-04T18:37:59Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-01-24T14:40:19Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-09-04T18:37:59Z | |
dc.date.created | 2016-01-24T14:40:19Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2015-04-01 | |
dc.identifier | International Journal of Drug Policy. Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V., v. 26, n. 4, p. 352-363, 2015. | |
dc.identifier | 0955-3959 | |
dc.identifier | http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/38946 | |
dc.identifier | 10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.01.002 | |
dc.identifier | WOS:000351796200004 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8617075 | |
dc.description.abstract | There are an estimated several million crack-cocaine users globally; use is highest in the Americas. Most crack users are socio-economically marginalized (e.g., homeless), and feature elevated risks for morbidity (e.g., blood-borne viruses), mortality and crime/violence involvement, resulting in extensive burdens. No comprehensive reviews of evidence-based prevention and/or treatment interventions specifically for crack use exist. We conducted a comprehensive narrative overview of English-language studies on the efficacy of secondary prevention and treatment interventions for crack (cocaine) abuse/dependence. Literature searches (1990-2014) using pertinent keywords were conducted in main scientific databases. Titles/abstracts were reviewed for relevance, and full studies were included in the review if involving a primary prevention/treatment intervention study comprising a substantive crack user sample. Intervention outcomes considered included drug use, health risks/status (e.g., HIV or sexual risks) and select social outcome indicators. Targeted (e.g., behavioral/community-based) prevention measures show mixed and short-term effects on crack use/HIV risk outcomes. Material (e.g., safer crack use kit distribution) interventions also document modest efficacy in risk reduction; empirical assessments of environmental (e.g., drug consumption facilities) for crack smokers are not available. Diverse psychosocial treatment (including contingency management) interventions for crack abuse/dependence show some positive but also limited/short-term efficacy, yet likely constitute best currently available treatment options. Ancillary treatments show little effects but are understudied. Despite ample studies, pharmacotherapeutic/immunotherapy treatment agents have not produced convincing evidence; select agents may hold potential combined with personalized approaches and/or psycho-social strategies. No comprehensively effective 'gold-standard' prevention/treatment interventions for crack abuse exist; concerted research towards improved interventions is urgently needed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | |
dc.language | eng | |
dc.publisher | Elsevier B.V. | |
dc.relation | International Journal of Drug Policy | |
dc.rights | http://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/article-posting-policy | |
dc.rights | Acesso restrito | |
dc.subject | Crack-cocaine | |
dc.subject | Dependence | |
dc.subject | Prevention | |
dc.subject | Treatment | |
dc.subject | Intervention | |
dc.subject | Review | |
dc.title | Effectiveness of secondary prevention and treatment interventions for crack-cocaine abuse: A comprehensive narrative overview of English-language studies | |
dc.type | Resenha | |