Exercícios de ativação muscular na síndrome patelofemoral: uma revisão narrativa da literatura

Abstract

Patellofemoral syndrome (SPF) is a common condition, with a prevalence of 22.7% in the adult population, mainly in women. Its etiology is complex and multifactorial. Conservative treatment aims to balance knee and hip dysfunction through muscle strengthening. However, there are other approaches to muscle activation used in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature on muscle activation approaches for conservative treatment of individuals with SPF. The content of the scientific publications of the Medline, Bireme, Pedro, Pubmed databases was analyzed, which evaluated muscle activation exercises in SPF. The searches took place between May 2020 and February 2021, using the following descriptors: patellofemoral pain and muscle strength, patello pain syndrome and muscle strength. Twelve studies were considered eligible, including a total of 745 participants. The results show that most studies have found that an association between the strengthening of the posterolateral thigh complex and the strengthening of the quadriceps was relevant in the outcomes of pain and function. In addition, the work of stabilizing the trunk muscle has obtained relevant results in patients with SPF. It is concluded that resistance exercises are effective for SPF treatment, in the short to long term, it is effective in the outcomes pain and function. And the association of different muscle groups involving the knees, hips and torso and neuromuscular training are effective for the treatment and evolution of patients with SPF.