Práticas formativas das mulheres em privação de liberdade e das em situação de egressas do sistema prisional de Minas Gerais

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the training practices of women in deprivation of liberty and of in situations of egresses from the prison system of Minas Gerais, to study its effects for this social group. The research contemplates the discussions about thecentrality of work and its educational principle, the historical formation of the working class and the advent of prison sentences, the sexual division of labor and the social relations of sex, the socialization processes of people in deprivation of freedom and those in situations of egress from the prison system, among others. The study was based on documentary analysis and field research, carried out in two female prison units, one with conventional public management, Complexo Penitenciário Feminino and the other with a Centro de Reintegração Social (CRS) administered by the Associação de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados (APAC). In these units, 37 questionnaires were applied, and 10 interviews were carried out with women serving a prison sentence. Itwas observed that the research participants attributed, in general, effects that they consider positive to their training practices. They referred to the redemption of part of the time of execution of the sentence, occupation, remuneration for work, socialization, as well as opportunities and expectations for the future. It was also possible to see that the effects of these practices are related to the effects of the prison process, with the former being mobilized to some extent to minimize the latter. It highlights the importance that training practices have for women in deprivation of liberty and indicates that their offer must be expanded and improved in a necessarily simultaneous process. 09 women from the prison system were also interviewed, 06 of whomwere accompanied by the Programa de Inclusão Social de Egressos do Sistema Prisional (PrEsp). It was found that the sociological, psychological, and biological effects produced by prison tend to remain in post-prison. In addition to these effects, prejudice and stigma are also added, which are also produced to some extent by the prison itself. It was observed that in the post-prison conditions, the interviewees' experiences refer, above all, to work and family relationships. For women in a situation of egress from the prison system, work constitutes a means of subsistence for themselves and the family and as a way of recovering autonomy, which has repercussions, among others, in the context of affective relationships. At the same time, it is in the sphere of work that women suffer most from stigmatization. In general, the interviewees accompanied by PrEsp evaluated the Program positively. The importance of these women's access to social protection policies was also highlighted. It is hoped that the research will contribute to the production of knowledge on the subject and provide subsidies for the elaboration and implementation of sectorial public policies.