Descripción de la situación sanitaria de las asociaciones de cobayocultores de Huertas y San Carlos de Hornillos frente a la presencia de Salmonella typhimorium y Yersenia pseudotuberculosis en cobayos

Abstract

The objective of this technical project is to describe the sanitary situation of the guinea pig associations of Huertas and San Carlos de Hornillos with respect to the presence of Salmonella typhimurium and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in guinea pigs. Surveys were applied to 22 guinea pig producers, which consisted of 25 questions on animal management, biosecurity and sanitation, in order to determine risk factors, and 138 samples were taken by rectal swabbing for the detection of the bacteria of interest. The analysis of the samples was carried out in the microbiology laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Cuenca, using MacConkey agar and CIN agar mediums to isolate Gram-negative bacteria, in addition to biochemical tests (TSI, CITRATE, LYSINE, SIM, MR-VP) to identify the colonies of enterobacteria obtained, and finally Gram staining was performed. The presence of bacteria was found in 54.30% of the guinea pig fecal samples, obtaining a percentage of Salmonella typhimurium of 1.40%, and of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis of 52.90%, within the two associations, Huertas being the association with the highest presence of these bacterial pathogens. In turn, factors such as sex, vaccination and disinfection did not influence either of the two pathogens studied. Nevertheless, this project allowed the diagnosis of enterobacteria and the identification of measures to be taken into account in the sanitary management of the production units analyzed.