Frecuencia de inmunofenotipos de leucemia mieloide aguda por citometría de flujo en pacientes del Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA - Cuenca, período 2017 - 2019

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a neoplasm featuring clinical and molecular characteristics. A multiparametric study by means of flow cytometry allows the analysis of blast cells; specifically, the clusters of differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia subtypes can be cataloged by immunotyping. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of the varieties of acute myeloid leukemia and their immunophenotypes by flow cytometry in patients of SOLCA Cancer Institute, Cuenca, period 2017 - 2019. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, determined by flow cytometry. Data were collected through a questionnaire, and they were interpreted through simple and crossed tabulation featuring percentages and frequencies. Tabulation of data and statistical graphs was carried out using the IBM SPSS, trial version, and Microsoft Excel software. The results showed that the cases of AML in 2017 - 2019 occurred more frequently in females (55.2%). The age group with the highest number of cases was that of patients older than 65 years (31%). The most frequent subtype was M1, reaching 27.6% of all cases. M6 subtype was not recorded. The most prevalent immunological markers were CD45, CD13, CD117 and CD38.