Diseño de un proceso industrial para la obtención de etanol a partir del almidón de dos variedades de papa (Solanum tuberosum)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to design an industrial process to obtain ethanol from the starch of two varieties of potatoes (Solanum Tuberosum). The extraction of starch from the two potato varieties was carried out by the wet method, which consists of crushing the raw material with water. This method developed the following phases to obtain the starch: selection of the raw material, washing, peeling and cutting, crushing, filtering, settling, washing and mixing; second, settling, and drying. Then, the enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out, with the two stages of liquefaction and saccharification, whose processes lasted one hour, using Gamalpha Spezial and Gammadex Cal enzymes, respectively, thus adjusting to the optimum pH and temperature conditions for the starch to be converted into glucose. The malt was then mashed, using a thermal process lasting one hour, at a temperature of 68.70°C. The mash was then filtered and mixed with the wort from the starch hydrolysis stage. The final wort was then fermented with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae yeast for ten days at 34°C in an incubator, filtered and distilled at 78°C for storage. As a result, a starch yield of 12.16% was obtained for the Super Chola variety and 11.14% for the Gabriela variety, and ethanol was obtained with an alcohol degree of 71° and a yield of 33.33%. Considering that the design of the industrial process was carried out in the Super Pro Designer process simulator, it is concluded that this design is not viable due to the fact that the capital recovery will be 10.55 years. It is recommended to take advantage of the whole tuber and to test other types of enzymes to improve the process yield