The sociability in Ferdinand Tonnies and the modus vivendi of traditional communities of geraizeiros: possible approaches from the studies of the Comunidade Tradicional da Matinha (Guarai/Tocantins)

Abstract

The German philosopher Ferdinand Tonnies, in his work Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (1887), created an important system of social analysis which indicates, based on the human desires, the formation of communities and society. In Brazil, the ones called traditional communities are the indian (the original people), quilombola, caicara, riverside and geraizeira ones. This article, a product of research at UNESP, aims to debate what are the approaches between the theoretical field of social sciences and the conceived characterization in Brazil to the traditional communities of geraizeiros?. The research used an exploratory typology, with a qualitative approach and techniques of bibliographic, documental, and ethnographic exploration, from the immersion within the Comunidade Tradicional de Garaizeiros da Matinha (Guarai/Tocantins). As a result, it is highlighted that the critical categories of social analysis support the relationships between the communities and the Society, and that the structuring affective elements of Ferdinand Tonnies's theory mark out the sociability of the traditional communities of geraizeiros.