Controle de geradores de ímãs permanentes com FEM trapezoidal aplicado em aerogeradores sob condições de afundamento de tensão da rede elétrica: falhas simétricas

Abstract

This paper proposes a new control system based on Instantaneous Power Theory for a wind turbine coupled to a synchronous generator permanent magnets. Because it is a generator with trapezoidal EMF, the proposed control brings advantages over the usual based on the transformation of Park. A test bench was set up for the experimental verification. Was used to convert mechanical energy into rotational power, a synchronous permanent magnet machine (PMSM) 3kW. The proposed system consists of two converters of the type of source voltage (Voltage Source Converter) connected on back-to-back topology, are used to connect this generator to the grid, where the shooting of the keys is a vector PWM modulation. Synchronization and control of power flows are based on the pq theory, with resonant compensators on the network side and proportional-integral (PI) on the generator side. In this case, to ensure the stability of the control of the generator current in all its power range, it was determined mathematically as a function of rotor position, the electromotive force of the MSIP. The control of the DC bus voltage is done on the generator side, ensuring the permanence of the connection to the network even when the system is subject to symmetrical voltage sag. The generation system adjusts the amount of power transferred to the network and the rotational speed of the wind turbine, so that it always operates at the point of highest power. Simulation results in Matlab / Simulink environment, and collected in the experimental bench are presented. To drive the generator, built a wind turbine simulator, which reproduces the characteristics of a turbine 3 blades with a radius of 2m.