A percepção de riscos ocupacionais pelos fumicultores das comunidades de Itaíba (Marmeleiro - PR) e Volta Grande (Irati - PR)

Abstract

This study aims to understand the perception of occupational risks for tobacco farmers from the communities of Itaiba (Marmeleiro) and Volta Grande (Irati), since the disease process can be affected by the risks they are exposed to, sometimes it increases due to their work environment. According to the law of the Ministry of Labour and Employment the occupational risks hazards the health of the workers, exposing them to occupational accidents and illnesses. The object of this study is the tobacco producer that in this paper was known as an agricultural worker differentiated in the context of family farming because he is considered in a total independency on the Tobacco Industry, besides that, he is also social and economic vulnerable to the world stage policies which aims reducing the demanding for tobacco while Brazil remains on the top of the world leaders in exportation and the second largest tobacco producer. To understand the context of the perception of tobacco farmers on the risks related to their work was chosen by descriptive qualitative approaching. So the present study sought to find out which risks are perceived by growers in different production systems like Burley and virginea. After analyzing the questionnaire of the farmers was realized that the risk is perceived, but not always related to work. The facts are reported in an isolated way, without giving special attention to its origin and causes, the risks and symptoms are usually attributed to isolated tasks of everyday life or biological factors. Farmers showed a higher perception of risk related to the use of pesticides and was diagnosed symptoms related to nicotine poisoning. Physical hazards, ergonomic, mechanical, biological and organizational of work are also reported, however, not always perceived and related to work. The lack of health actions and notifications related to poisoning is perceived in discourse and demonstrate the need for health care to producers that because of their specific living conditions, dispersion and heterogeneity require enforcement actions and conditions work environment and health surveillance.