Análise e quantificação de resíduos de gesso acartonado gerados em uma obra de edifício vertical residencial na cidade de Londrina: estudo de caso

Abstract

Gypsum waste from construction is a growing problem for the environment and for the entrepreneurs' budget. For this reason, and with technological advances, from CONAMA 431/2011, gypsum became part of Class B in Civil Construction Waste (RCC), which are defined as capable of being recycled. In this way, this work has the objective of quantifying the generation of this residue in a vertical residential building work and analyzing the feasibility of the reuse of the same in the own work or in the process of recycling. This quantification was done using three methods: sampling, where the residues from the gypsum installation were collected in the lining of the 1 and 2-bedroom apartments of the building in question, extrapolating the average obtained for the other floors; application of mathematical model, where by means of coefficients it was intended to estimate the amount of waste that would be generated in the work before even quantifying it; and collecting information from the construction company and the installation company in order to compare the results obtained in the previous methods to the actual quantity generated. In addition, a comparison was made between the values of bucket allocation, currently used and by reverse logistics, which has been offered in some situations. The methods applied for prediction were underestimated when compared to the actual destination provided by the company. It is believed that the disposal of the waste in the collection vessels and the imprecision of the instruments used for sampling may contribute to this difference. Many gypsum installation companies already reuse pieces of plaques in smaller tasks or require less precision, however, it is still necessary to improve the supervision and training of employees in order to avoid the loss of material due to incorrect storage, such as visa that in this case the volume of waste generated corresponded to approximately 57% of the volume of gypsum demanded for the work. It was also observed during the study that the reverse logistics in the current molds is not a financially viable alternative for the disposal of plaster residues due to the cost of transportation. However, since it is an environmentally desirable solution to reduce environmental problems caused by inadequate disposal and postpone depletion of mineral resources, it is advisable to look for other alternatives for this viability to occur.